Hebrews Lesson 197 May 6, 2010
NKJ
Psalm 119:9 How
can a young man cleanse his way? By taking heed according to Your
word.
While you're turning to 1 Samuel 7, we’ll just take
a moment to go back to our starting point here in Hebrews 11:32. Hebrews 11:32 begins the conclusion to the
chapter. Through the chapter the writer
has been going through example after example after example of an Old Testament
believer who has taken the time to focus on a promise of God. He's waiting for a promise. He's looking forward into the future for the
fulfillment of that promise; and these did not see the fulfillment of that
promise so that at the beginning of Hebrews 11 the writer of Hebrews speaks of
faith as the evidence of things not seen.
The promises weren’t seen.
If we look through the text of the whole book of Hebrews,
the promise - there are different promises that are spoken of in Hebrews; but
they all somehow relate to the promise of inheritance, something that as we’ve
seen in our study of inheritance that is something more than eternal life, something
that has to do with additional blessings that God has for us in the eternal state
or in the Millennial Kingdom.
So when we focus on Hebrews 11, it’s
understanding that these men had a sense of a future destiny (an eternal
destiny) and that that was where things were headed. In some sense in the Old Testament it
might've been a little more vague than in the New
Testament due to differences in level of revelation although there were some
like Abraham and Isaac and Jacob who had a greater glimpse of what that promise
was. Moses did.
But then when we come towards the conclusion here
where things are wrapped up, the writer says that he’s run out of time. He doesn’t have time to continue to go
through all of the details. Then he
lists has three groupings here: Gideon and Barak, Samson and Jephthah, David
and Samuel and then the prophets in general - this catch all term referring to
not only the ones we think of as the Major Prophets such as Isaiah, Jeremiah,
Ezekiel and those who have books named after them; but remember we read about
Zechariah, the son of the high priest in Israel, in 2 Kings that is stoned by
Jehoash a couple of weeks ago on Sunday morning. So there were other prophets that are
mentioned in the Old Testament that don't have their name on a book. That's not the same Zechariah that we have in
the Minor Prophets. So there were other
prophets, others that were just not mentioned; and so he just lists all of
those prophets from the early days in the conquest and afterwards as well as prophets
that came later on in Israel’s history. So
he’s looking at the things that they did.
Now as we read ahead in the next verses which we’ll
speak of a little bit later on, that it is through faith that they subdued kingdoms. That is, they conquered armies from invaders. They worked righteousness. Some established justice in the kingdom such
as David. They obtained promises,
stopped the mouths of lions such as Daniel and Samuel and quenched the violence
of fire such as Daniel’s three friends Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-Nego, escaped the edge of the sword and out of weakness were
made strong. They became valiant in
battles such as Gideon, turned to flight the armies of the aliens. Gideon, Jephthah and Samuel all did
that. Women received their dead raised
to life again - the widow of Zarephath, the Shunamite woman Then others were
tortured, not accepting deliverance that they might obtain a better the
resurrection. Notice, it always focuses
on the future, not the reward of this life, but in the future.
So he continues wrapping up at the end.
NKJ
Hebrews 11:39 And all
these, having obtained a good testimony through faith, did not receive the
promise,
For the sense there is all of these established a
good testimony or witness in some way in their life through their faith by
acting and trusting on a promise of God.
But they did not receive the promise.
That's what it’s all headed to. None of these men received the promise. In the same way the writer is saying to his
audience that you're not going to see the promise either; but you have to keep
your faith (your trust) focused on the Lord Jesus Christ and not grow weary
which is exactly where he goes at the beginning of the next chapter. So that gives us a context of why he's going
through these different men.
Now in 11:32 as I’ve said there are 3 groups (three
pairs): Gideon and Barak, Samson and Jephthah, David and Samuel. So tonight we come to the last pair. (Now the animation of this slide got all
messed up.)
Okay. Here’s
a timeline for you of (we’ll just put everything in there) of the last 3
judges. Actually one is left out. We usually don't include him because he was
such a failure. That’s Eli. Eli was the high priest. He was also considered a judge at the time of
Samuel so he overlaps these three. He
comes in during the time of Jephthah, dies during the early stages of Samuel’s
life. So we have these three primarily:
Jephthah, Samson and Samuel. Jephthah’s
dates there are given from about 1150 to 1100 BC. Samson was born about halfway into Jephthah’s
life so Samson’s birth would have come sometime around the time when Jephthah delivered
Israel from the oppression of the Ammonites.
Samson’s dates are 1123 to 1084.
Then Samuel would have been born in 1115 to 1020. So Samuel would have been
born about eight or nine years after Samson was born. So their judgeships overlap. Both of them are also Nazirites. Both of them are required to - put under a Nazirite
vow which we’ll look at in just a minute.
But Samson is the one who is almost a complete failure except for the
end. Then Samuel is the one through whom
God is going to bring about the ultimate solution for the Israelites which is through
the kingship of David. Samuel is the one
who will anoint David.
At the
bottom of the chart I've got two battles that are placed in history for just a
reference point –the Battle of Aphek which occurred in 1104 BC and then the Battle
of Mizpah which is in 1084. It is the
Battle of Mizpah that I want to look at this evening in terms of understanding
the significance of Samuel. The focus is
always on this promise that the land has something to do with Israel. So as we look at Hebrews 11:32, 33f, the focal
point of all the many things that Samuel did.
I think the important one has to do with his delivery of the nation from
the oppression of the Philistines. It
begins really with Samuel.
Now this
chart up here that I have on the screen organizes the information related to
the Nazirite vow. When
Samuel in the book of Samuel, in the first three chapters describe his birth
and his early life. He is the one
that is really the individual God has chosen to deliver the people from the
oppression of the Philistines.
The book
of Judges was written to show that the nation had rejected God as their
king. When it says in Judges that there
was no king in the land, that doesn’t just mean there was no physical human king;
but that they had gotten rid of the kingship of God in terms of their mentality. They were disloyal to God, constantly setting
up idols, constantly pursuing the Baalim and the Ashera, constantly giving themselves
over to false religions. But they were
disloyal. They were treasonous in terms
of the Mosaic Law. So Judges was written
to show the consequences of that rebellion, the consequences of their idolatry,
the consequences of moral relativism when everyone does what is right in their
own eyes.
So the
nation became enslaved to its own sinfulness, enslaved to the false religion of
idolatry. They were by the time you get
to the end of the book of Judges, they're virtually enslaved
to the Philistines. The Philistines are
dominating them. There doesn't seem to
be any hope. In fact it's gotten so bad
that they don't even care. They never
seem to want Samson to do the things he did to rile up the Philistines. In fact, on a couple of
occasions they to try to talk him out of doing anything. So they just want to live in peace even if
that means that they're under the oppression of the Philistines.
That's
one of the things that sin nature and carnality does. As we go through a gradual process of
becoming under the control of our sin nature and under the control and under
the dominion of sin, we lose all sense of values. We become enslaved in our mentality which
then prepares us to be enslaved overtly through government or some other system. It all starts in the mind. Once we reject the
freedom that can come only from a relationship with God; then we of lose sight
of any desire to be free.
We see
that in so many different ways in Western civilization which has been the
centerpiece really of Christianity for the last 2,000 years with the expansion
of Christianity into Europe when the apostle Paul saw the vision from the man
in Troas and took the Gospel across from Turkey (what is now modern Turkey to Greece)
when the gospel first really came to Europe and all of the expansion of the Gospel
all the way through Europe and the impact of the Gospel down through a church
history. If you take a map some time and
you color in all of the countries that have been impacted by evangelical
Protestant Christianity and all the countries that have not - you'll pretty
much see all the countries that have had the greatest measure of freedom in the
history of man: western civilization in the United States and Canada to some
degree, England (Great Britain), Northern Ireland, Scotland, Scandinavian
countries, Western Europe )the Netherlands, Germany.)
But
today what do we see? We see that the
people in these countries are always and continually enslaving themselves to a socialistic
economic system and they become enslaved to their governments to the tune of
billions and billions of dollars as their governments have followed these
pseudo-compassionate systems of welfare, these pseudo-compassionate systems of
socialism in order provide all of these social benefits to people operating on
completely false systems of equality, that equality - that governments are to
guarantee the equality of results and not the equality of opportunity.
So now
there is this increased debt and whenever you're talking about these huge
amounts of money of course in many areas because you have people who have lost
any real sense of virtue and honor and integrity having departed from the any
level of Christianity. A lot of
corruption comes in which is what is seen in the situation in Greece right now
as well as in Spain and Portugal and I'm sure many of the other countries. We’ve seen huge amounts of lack of financial
integrity in the way many of these so called to-big-to-fail mega corporations
have handled people's money with a lack of integrity that has put the financial
systems of the West in incredible jeopardy.
But that is - what the financial institutions have done is really just
the icing on the cake so to speak.
The real
problem has been the approach to how they have handled money in the role of
government which has created such an enormous amount of debt that it has enslaved
all of the people. So basically we're
all slaves to the government. We have to
work in the United States up to this point I think it's been about four to five
months out of every year the average person has to work just to pay their tax
bill. So that means that four months out
of the year you work for the federal government. You don't work for anybody else; and you're
just a slave.
Now with
the introduction of Obamacare and the next year when
the Bush tax cuts go away and a number of other things hit, we’re going to see
our taxes go up in some cases thirty, forty, fifty percent just to pay off the
indebtedness that is just exorbitant. We
are becoming slaves on Uncle Sam's plantation.
People don't even understand what that means and they think “Oh, isn’t that great!
We’re getting something for free.”
Well, there's no such thing as a free lunch. We can’t get it for free.
This is
the same kind of thing that was happening in Israel. The people began to like it. They just accept it for what it is. They begin to rationalize and to justify
their situation. This is what had
happened in Israel so that they were not really wanting
to go to war against the Philistines.
But God used
Samson as we saw to stir things up. Well
in God’s solution to the problem, He's going to answer the prayer of this woman
Hannah. Hannah is one of two wives. She is married to a man named Elkanah. The situation of those two wives is somewhat illustrative
of the problem in Israel. Hannah is
barren just as Israel is spiritually barren.
Hannah is being abused and ridiculed and demeaned by the other wife
because she can't have any children in the same way Israel is being abused and
maltreated by the Philistines. Just as Israel
is in a political and economic hopeless situation so Hannah is in a hopeless
situation.
This drives
her to the Lord. So she goes to the Lord,
and she prays to Him that He would give her a child. She makes a vow to God. God in His grace answers that prayer and is
going to give her a son. It is through that
son that He's going to deliver the nation.
So that son that is born is Samuel.
The time that he is weaned which sounds pretty young to us; but in that culture
it could be anywhere from three to six years of age. So I don't know if it was as old as six, but
it could certainly be older than six months or a year or two as we might think
in this country.
Actually
I had a lady played the piano for me in my first church who didn't wean her son
until he was old enough to understand her explanation. I thought that was a
little bit unusual. But at the time I
was teaching through Samuel so it was a great illustration that I’ve used for
the last thirty years.
So
Samuel was a little bit older than just an infant at the time that Hannah turns
him over to Eli. While he's there being
mentored, trained, apprenticed and is growing up as an apprentice priest then
the Lord appears to him in chapter 3. He
realizes that Samuel has the gift of prophecy and then as he matures he's going
to be a judge. So he is a prophet, a
priest and a judge.
Then as we
go through those opening chapters in 1 Samuel, the first major battle that
comes along is that battle at Aphek.
Now also
one other thing related to the slide up here - when Hannah prayed there was a
dedication and the answer – her child was to be dedicated as a Nazirite just
like Samson. That meant that first of
all if you on this panel on the right there was no drinking of wine, eating
grapes, touching grapes or are having anything to do with a vineyard. The second thing was there was no cutting of
the hair, trimming of the beard. He
wasn’t to go to the barber. Then the
third was that he wasn’t to visit or be around any burial sites or touch a dead
body or have anything to do with a carcass.
So that would have – those were the signs of his being separated unto
service for God. Normally the Nazirite
vow was a voluntary vow that was taken for a temporary period of time. But for both Sampson and Samuel it was to be
a lifetime endeavor.
Now we
never think of Samuel that way. We only
think of Samson that way. We never think
of Samuel going around with long hair and a long beard because of a Nazirite vow. But he was set apart to God in the same way. All that that meant was it was an overt
expression of an internal decision.
Later on
the Apostle Paul took a vow similar to that for a short period time on his way
back to Jerusalem.
So there's
this battle that comes along in chapter 4 which is a major battle to defeat of
Israel at the Battle of Aphek. At Battle
of Aphek the Philistines completely rout the Israelites. Thirty thousand Israelites were killed
including two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas.
When Eli received word that they're dead and that the Ark of the
Covenant has been captured by the Philistines; then he dies in shock when he
hears the news.
The Ark
then is taken by the pagans, taken by the Philistines. But God is going to show that He's the one in
charge and He defeats the Philippines. Over
the next seven months the Ark is shifted around from first Ashdod and later
Ekron in order to try to show that they control the Ark. But each time they do
that, different things happen. The first
place in Ashdod they put the Ark in the Temple of Dagon. God’s got a great sense of humor here. Each morning they would come in and the big
tall idol of Dagon would be bowing down before the Ark of the Covenant. So after they stood the idol up the first
time, the next day they came in and his head – I mean his hands and feet were
cut off. It’s just a demonstration that
the God of Israel was over the idols of the pagans.
So eventually
the Philistines got tired of being abused by God and so they had sent the Ark back
to Israel. It came back first to Beth
Shemish where God had to bring a judgment against those who lived there because
they came and they looked inside the Ark.
They treated the Lord with a lack of respect.
Chapter 6 verse 19 states:
NKJ
1 Samuel 6:19 Then He struck the men of Beth
Shemesh, because they had looked into the ark of the LORD. He struck fifty
thousand and seventy men of the people, and the people lamented because the
LORD had struck the people with a great slaughter.
Then the men of Beth Shemesh didn’t want the Ark
there any more, so they sent it to Kiriath Jearim which is a suburb now of
Jerusalem.
Here is
Jerusalem right here on this map.
Kiriath Jearim is just off here, just outside of Jerusalem. Actually all this area is covered by
Jerusalem today. So this is the
area. Also on this map this is Ramah
which is located fairly close to the modern Palestinian town of Ramallah which
you hear about in the news. So that's
the area which was the birthplace of Samuel.
Here's a
map that we’ll look at in a minute because the next battle that comes along,
they meet at Mizpah which is here. Then
they will get the Ark and they will go into battle and rout the Philistines back
to where they have a victory at Ebenezer.
In chapter
7 we’re told of this particular battle and how Samuel judges Israel. In verse 3 we read:
NKJ
1 Samuel 7:3 Then Samuel spoke to all the house
of Israel, saying, "If you return to the LORD with all your hearts, then
put away the foreign gods and the Ashtoreths from among you, and prepare
your hearts for the LORD, and serve Him only; and He will deliver you from the
hand of the Philistines."
Now here
we have a very important word that we have studied. David brought this up in his study on Tuesday
night and that is the Hebrew word shubh. When Samuel
spoke he said, “If you return to the Lord.” That’s the same word that was used
in Deuteronomy 30:2 that there would a time in history after the Israelites were
scattered into all the nations that if they would return to the Lord, then He
would restore them to the land. So this
word shubh is
a key word for repent. It means to turn
back to God. It is more than just a
mental attitude change. It is really as
we've seen it means to make a decision and then to take an action an relation to that decision.
Now if that
action is to trust in the Lord Jesus Christ as your Savior; then it is a
cerebral, intellectual, mental action. If
you're to believe in the Lord Jesus Christ then when you turn to God what
you're doing is you’re believing in the Lord Jesus
Christ that He died on the cross for your sins. If you are a believer and
turning back to God entails changing certain things in your life in order to be
obedient to the Word; then turning to God isn't just saying “Okay. I’m going to turn to God.” but it entails
doing certain things which is exactly what we see here.
Samuel
says:
If you return to the LORD with all your hearts, then put
away the foreign gods and the Ashtoreths
If
that's the sign of turning to God, if you’re really honest about turning to God
then that also means that you're going to do away with the idols that are in
your life.
So they
turned back toward the Lord. They put
away the foreign gods, and they served the Lord alone. They get rid of everything. They clean up the land. They can rid of all of the high places and as
a result there is a national time of worship - not quite like the National Day
of Prayer Day today which was to be a time when people would focus - the people
of the nation would focus on praying for the nation, praying for our leaders,
praying for the economy, praying for…We should be doing that every single day. That's why usually I don't pay a whole lot of
attention to the National Day of Prayer other than simply to mention it. But, it is to be a time when believers
specifically remember to pray for the nation.
But we should be doing that every day according to 1
Timothy 2: 1-2. We are to pray
for all those in authority whether they are good or bad, whether we like them
or dislike them. We need to pray for
them that they will make wise decisions so that we can live a gentle and
tranquil life Paul says – so that we can go about our business of teaching the Word,
spreading the Gospel, learning the Word so that we can grow to spiritual maturity. We need to pray that we would have good
leaders who will make decisions that will allow us to live in tranquil
times.
When you
don't live in tranquil times then it's very difficult to focus on the things
that produce spiritual growth because you become consumed with issues related
to security and survival. So we need to
always be in prayer not just for political leaders (civil leaders) but also for
of business leaders – for CEOs of major corporations whose decisions have a tremendous
impact on the economy. We need to pray judges. We need to pray for people who sit on the
school board. We need to pray for people
who sit on the Texas State Board of Education.
They’ve done a tremendous job this year in maintaining a solid
curriculum especially in areas of history and other things.
There's
always a battle and has been a battle because Texas is a state that is so large
that whatever textbooks we choose because the publishing companies have to
print so many that we basically determined the textbooks for the rest of the
country. Between Texas and California
the choices made there impact everybody else in the nation. So as goes the Texas State Board of Education
so goes the rest of the country. So we
really need to pay attention to those elections and be praying for those
individuals. But we need to pray for
everybody from the local police and firemen all the way up to the leaders at the
national level. This needs to be a consistent
area of prayer.
So in Israel
they had a time of national worship of God.
As they turned away and destroyed all of the Baalim and the Ashtoreths,
then Samuel called for them to come together to pray at Mizpah.
Now I'll
go back a minute to the map. So they
gather at Mizpah and as the nation comes together at Mizpah, the Philistines
get the idea that this would be a tremendous time to attack them. When they're coming together to worship – not
unlike the decision that the Arabs made back in 1973 to attack on Yom Kippur... By attacking on Yom Kippur (on a high holy
day) they believed that everything would be shut down. The people would all be at home. They would be at synagogue. The army would pretty much be off alert or not
as alert as they would be normally. So
they could spring a surprise attack against Israel and defeat them. Of course they were defeated in turn. The Israelis were able to respond. So it’s the same kind of a thing. So the Philistines came in to attack at Mizpah,
and they were actually routed.
Now what
has happened at Mizpah really sets the stage spiritually. As I keep saying, the spiritual factor always
controls the physical destiny. How we
are spiritually has an incredible effect on what happens in terms of economics
and politics and technology and cultural prosperity. You can't measure the cause and effect of
that in a classroom. You can't measure
it through a Gallup poll. You can’t
measure it through these empirical studies.
You can only know about this by studying the Word of God.
So as
the nation comes together after this period of defeat and oppression under the Philistines
they come together; and they confess their sins before God.
So verse
6 tells us:
NKJ 1
Samuel 7:6 So they gathered together at Mizpah,
drew water, and poured it out before the LORD. And they fasted that day, and
said there, "We have sinned against the LORD." And Samuel judged the
children of Israel at Mizpah.
Now “judging”
there isn't the idea we get of going before a magistrate. A judge is a leader. The judge in Israel was a combination
military leader, political leader and religious leader. Depending on what the circumstances were, they
functioned in different ways. We saw
that with Deborah and Barak. Deborah was
judging Israel. It also involved the
fact that she was a prophetess. Then Gideon
as a judge delivered the nation militarily from the Midianites as did Jephthah. Others operated in different ways, sometimes
more like what we think of as a judge, often more as a political and military
leader. So this is a summary of Samuel’s
role. He is a prophet; and now it's
clear he is a judge.
NKJ 1
Samuel 7:7 Now when the Philistines heard
that the children of Israel had gathered together at Mizpah, the lords of the
Philistines went up against Israel.
So this
gathering would have taken several days.
They weren’t there for just one day.
They had to travel from all over the nation so this would have taken
some time. The Israelites then are attacked
by the Philistines.
And when the children of Israel heard of it, they
were afraid of the Philistines.
This is
a problem. They’re not trusting God yet. They are afraid because of the numerical superiority
and the technological superiority of the Philistines. The Philistines had iron weapons. The Philistines as they dominated the Israelites
had prohibited or outlawed the Philistines from having blacksmiths who could
work with iron. It’s one of the early
forms of arms control.
I
happened to read today that - and you can
always count on- even though the Times Square bomber did not use a firearm - of
course, the first thing people want to do anytime there's any incident of
violence of this type is somebody trots out and says, “Oh, we need to control hand
guns, that we need to control firearms.”
There's always somebody who wants to attach some firearm legislation.
The
Second Amendment is all we need - is that we have the right as citizens to arm
ourselves. Now this sounds radical to a lot
of people. But the point of the Second
Amendment is for the citizen to be able to protect himself against the tyranny
of the government. If the government can
come at you with Stinger missiles, then that means you as a citizen ought to be
able to buy Stinger missiles so you can protect yourself because if the
government has a higher level technology of weaponry than you do, then you're
not going to do much with a .22 against a Stinger missile. That's why you need be able to go out down to
Wal-Mart and by all the Stinger missiles that you want to. If you think that sounds funny it’s because
you've been brainwashed by the cosmic system already to think that – “Well we
don't really need to be able to do that.
That's a little excessive.” But
if you’re in a position where the government starts coming against you and this
is in violation of the Constitution and you're not a criminal; then you should
be able to protect yourself against the tyranny of the government which is
exactly what the issue was in 1776 and why one of the things that kicked off
the American War for Independence was that the British army was marching from
Boston out to Concord because the Patriots had a stockpile of arms there that
they could go to in the case of defense and could use if they wanted to against
a British army. So the British were
going to go out and confiscate all their weapons.
Now
today we look back, “Well, those were all black powder weapons.”
But they
were the same level technology as the weapons that the British army had. So they could engage in a fair fight using
the same level of weapons that the British army did.
So
that's what the Second Amendment intended.
Of course we're a long way from that now. But of course we're thankful
we live in Texas and things are a lot better here than they are in most other
places.
So the
Israelites are fearful because the Philistines can come in and they have
superior technology superior weapons. They
have ironed tipped arrows; they have iron tipped spears. And they have chariots. All this means that the Israelites are at a great
disadvantage; and they can’t take care of things. So the only solution they have is to turn to the
Lord.
So verse
8:
NKJ
1 Samuel 7:8 So
the children of Israel said to Samuel, "Do not cease to cry out to the LORD
our God for us, that He may save us from the hand of the Philistines."
They
know that only God can do it.
NKJ
1 Samuel 7:9 And Samuel took a suckling lamb and
offered it as a whole burnt offering to the LORD. Then Samuel cried out
to the LORD for Israel, and the LORD answered him.
Here’s an example of the offering of a lamb that’s
not - remember this is under the Mosaic Law.
It’s not in the Tabernacle. It’s
not in the Temple.
Somebody asked that question in relationship to Jephthah
because Jephthah’s offer was to make a burnt offering. They understood that in terms of the burnt
offering regulations of the Mosaic Law.
Well, that was for burnt offerings that were offered at the Tabernacle or
later at the Temple; but there were many times in the Old Testament when under
the category of a patriarchal or a family worship area there would be a family
offering of a burnt offering and here at Mizpah not at Shiloh where the Tabernacle
was located but at Mizpah Samuel was going to offer a burnt offering in
sacrifice to the Lord. He cries out to
the Lord in prayer, and the Lord answered him.
NKJ
1 Samuel 7:10 Now
as Samuel was offering up the burnt offering, the Philistines drew near to
battle against Israel.
Now I
want you to pay attention to this.
But the LORD
thundered with a loud thunder upon the Philistines that day, and so confused
them that they were overcome before Israel.
Now so little is said that it just boggles our
imagination. I wonder if any of us has
ever been in a thunderstorm that was so close and so bad that it confused
you. That is - that's not your typical
normal thunderstorm - something that just seems like you're right there. The lightning is dancing off the rocks around
you and the thunder is so loud that you can’t hear yourself think and with it
perhaps rain. Now I am going to tell you
why I think that perhaps in just a minute.
But this is not an unusual thing for the Lord to do so as I’ll point out
in a minute.
NAS
1 Samuel 7:11 And
the men of Israel went out of Mizpah and pursued the Philistines, and struck
them down as far as below Beth-car.
We’re
not sure exactly where that's located.
NKJ
1 Samuel 7:12 Then Samuel took a stone and set it
up between Mizpah and Shen,
We’re not sure where Shen is.
and
called its name Ebenezer, saying, "Thus far the LORD has helped us."
…eben
meaning rock; ezer
from the same Hebrew word talking about a woman who was created from the side
of the man to be the ezer
(the helper, the assistant) to the man.
Ebenezer is the rock of help, the rock of assistance because the Lord
has helped us.
The conclusion was:
NKJ
1 Samuel 7:13 So the Philistines were subdued, and
they did not come anymore into the territory of Israel.
And the hand of the LORD was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.
So Samuel as long as he is in a leadership position;
then Philistines are not a problem. This occurs until you get into the days of Saul. So, some of the cities that the Philistines
have captured are restored to Israel.
What does this take us back to? The land is recovered. It's the land promise. Samuel understands the land promise. He understands the Mosaic Law and that's his
rationale for praying to God that the Israelites would be protected against the
Philistines.
Now the next incident that we come to that also
deals with the Philistines has to do with David. Two people are mentioned in Hebrews 11:32,
David and Samuel. Turn over to 1 Samuel
17. This is the next time we really see
a problem with the Philistines; and it’s at the time of David. David is a young man. He's probably sixteen or seventeen years of
age. This is when the Philistines come in
the southern part of Israel just south of Bethlehem and they set up there.
NKJ
1 Samuel 17:1 Now the Philistines gathered their
armies together to battle, and were gathered together at Sochoh, which belongs
to Judah; they encamped between Sochoh and Azekah, in Ephes
Dammim.
These are two ridges (two mountains). Today there is a great little boutique
vineyard up on Sochoh that is owned by a friend of the guide that we use when
we’re in Israel. It's really been great
the last couple times we've been. We've
gone there for a little wine tasting. This
guy smokes all his own meats and grows all of his own vegetables and he has
salads. He has quite a layout. It is just tremendous. You sit up there have lunch and look out over
the valley where David fought Goliath.
It’s a beautiful, beautiful location.
So they are up there at Sochoh and Azekah is across
the ridge. We’re told that:
NKJ
1 Samuel 17:2 And Saul and the men of Israel were
gathered together, and they encamped in the Valley of Elah, and drew up in battle array against the Philistines.
So the Philistines have the high ground, and the
Israelites have the low ground down in the valley. Each
day one of the Philistines would come out on the ridge and would challenge them. This shows the Greek background to the
Philistines. This is the same kind of
thing that you had before Troy when Hector and Achilles when they came and fought
as champions – hand-to-hand, one-on-one combat.
So every day Goliath would come out. You know the story. He would challenge the Israelites to send out
somebody who would fight him. Then David
who wasn't there was sent by his father to take food to his brothers who were
in the army. When David was there and he
heard the challenge, I just want you to note David’s response. In verse 26 David uses divine viewpoint to
interpret this situation. When he hears
this challenge he's told there's a reward for the man who will go out and fight
the Philistines.
NKJ
1 Samuel 17:26 Then David spoke to the men who
stood by him, saying, "What shall be done for the man who kills this
Philistine and takes away the reproach from Israel? For who is this
uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living
God?"
It's that term “uncircumcised” that's important because
circumcision was the sign of the Abrahamic Covenant. It was the Abrahamic Covenant that’s the
basis for the promise of the land.
What David is saying here “This guy is an
uncircumcised Philistine? He’s standing
on the land God promised Abraham for us.
He has no right to stand there.
Why isn't somebody going out there and getting rid of him on the basis
of the promise of God?”
So he just looks at it very simply – in a simple black
and white situation. God promised us the land. This Philistine has not right here. Let's go get rid of him.”
Of course you know the story that that's exactly
what David did. He went to Saul. Saul questioned whether he had any combat
experience. He described how he fought
the bears and the lions when he would protect the sheep.
So Saul sent him out, tried to clothe him in his
armor which was too large for David. So David
went out with his sling, his five smooth stones he took from the brook. And he had a small club and his staff. That's what he took with him against the
Philistines. He took one shot and knocked
Goliath out and then went up to cut off his head to make sure he was dead. That really begins the last stage of the
deliverance of the land from the Philistines.
So when we look at all the context of Hebrews 11,
the focus is on believing the promise of God ultimately in the land promise
that God will eventually give that to Israel and all of these different heroes
mentioned there beginning with Abraham on are operating in some way related to
taking and controlling the land in the Old Testament. They never controlled it all so that the
inheritance is yet future.
Now with David the deliverance from the Philistines was
going to begin; but it doesn't end until almost the end of his life. So I want you to turn with me to one more
incident in 2 Samuel 21 – 2 Samuel 21.
This takes place much later in David's life; and it has a lot of parallels. David fought many wars in order to expand the
territory to the full extent of that which had been promised by Abraham. But they never controlled all of it. But later on when he was older they were
still having problems with the Philistines down on their southeastern flank in
the same way that the Israelites today have problems with the Palestinians in
the in the Gaza Strip.
Now Palestine, that name has nothing to do with Philistine
although most people think it did. And it
was intended to sound that way. The
Peleset people (as the Egyptians called them) were the Philistines. When the Greeks moved in after Alexander the Great
into the Middle East they called Israel Palestine from the Greek word palio which means
wrestler, one who wrestled. That was a pun
because it was Jacob (remember) who wrestled with God at a place called Peniel. This was then the Angel of the Lord wacked him
on the hip and left him with a reminder for the rest of his life that he wasn’t
supposed to fight with God.
So in 2 Samuel 21, then this is where David is
fighting the Philistines. Philistines
and Palestinians have no relationship. Palestinians
were Arabs that came in much later, no tie back to the Philistines.
So we’re told in verse 15:
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:15 When the Philistines were at war
again with Israel,
This happened all the way through David’s life until
this point.
David and his
servants with him went down and fought against the Philistines; and David grew
faint.
He just didn’t have the physical stamina any more as
an older man to continue the fight.
Then we’re told:
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:16 Then Ishbi-Benob,
who was one of the sons of the giant,
So this would've been one of Goliath’s sons.
the
weight of whose bronze spear was three hundred shekels, who was
bearing a new sword, thought he could kill David
But his spear weighted only three hundred shekels. It was about half the weight of the spear of
Goliath. Three hundred shekels was good bit
less than the weight of Goliath’s spear.
It was approximately – let me see.
Three hundred shekels would be about seven and a half pounds. So that’s going to be a fairly heavy spear
with a three and a half pound tip on the end of it (spearhead).
He also has with him a new sword. And he thought he could
kill David.
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:17 But Abishai
the son of Zeruiah came to his aid, and struck the
Philistine and killed him. Then the men of David swore to him,
saying, "You shall go out no more with us to battle, lest you quench the
lamp of Israel."
The men of David said, “Okay. You’re not going to
war any more. You’re too old. We’re going to retire you because we don't
want the lamp of Israel to go out. Your
life is far too valuable to risk losing you in a battle.”
Now in verse 18 we’re told:
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:18 Now it happened afterward that there
was again a battle with the Philistines at Gob. Then Sibbechai
the Hushathite killed Saph,
who was one of the sons of the giant.
So another family member is out trying to make his
reputation.
Then in verse 19:
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:19 Again there was war at Gob with the
Philistines, where Elhanan the son of Jaare-Oregim
the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath
the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver's beam.
Then there's another war in verse 20 at Gath.
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:20 Yet again there was war at Gath,
where there was a man of great stature, who had six fingers on each hand
and six toes on each foot, twenty-four in number; and he also was born to the
giant.
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:21 So
when he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea,
David's brother, killed him.
NKJ
2 Samuel 21:22 These
four were born to the giant in Gath, and fell by the hand of David and by the
hand of his servants.
This pretty much brings to an end the oppression of
the Philistines. It’s taken all the time
from – it’s lasted over a century from the time of Samson all the way up to
this time later in David's life.
Then David wrote a psalm to celebrate God’s giving them
the victory. This is given in chapter 22
which is almost identical to Psalm 18 and gives us a great promise that we can
apply any time that we're facing a battle as well.
In 2 Samuel 22:2 we read:
NKJ
2 Samuel 22:2 And
he said: "The LORD is my rock and my fortress and my deliverer;
3
The God of my strength, in whom I will trust; My shield and the horn of my salvation, My stronghold and my
refuge; My Savior, You save me from violence
That's how the Psalm begins. Now there are several metaphors used and
applied to the Lord that teach us about His protection. The first word there is rock. “The Lord is my rock.” Now if you look at some translations in verse
2 where it will be translated the “the God of my strength”, sometimes that is
translated “My God, My rock” also in verse 3. But there are two different words
used for rock here. The word that is
used for rock in verse 2 is sela and this is a word that refers to a split in the rock –
a split in the rock. So it’s the idea of
the cleft of the rock that you can go and hide in this crevice in the rock so
that you're surrounded by the rock and protected from the storms and protected
from any danger.
The next word that’s used there “fortress” is a word
that should sound familiar to some of you.
It is the Hebrew word metsudah which is where we get the anglicized term for Masada
for the fortress that Herod had built out in the Judean desert – Masada. So metsuda means a stronghold.
Sometimes it’s translated a high tower.
It has that idea of a rocky fortress.
Then following that we read:
"The LORD is
my rock and my fortress and my deliverer;
This is the word palat which means (the verb means)
to escape, rescue, to deliver. So God is
the one who provides an escape for us, a rescue for us. He is the one who delivers us in times of
trouble.
Verse 3 then goes on to say:
NKJ
2 Samuel 22:3 The God of my strength, in whom I
will trust; My shield and the horn of my salvation, My stronghold and my
refuge; My Savior, You save me from violence.
This is a different word for rock. This one refers more to a rock formation or a
huge boulder or small mountain, something of that nature that is a protection
because of its size.
So:
NKJ
2 Samuel 22:3 The God of my strength, in whom I
will trust; My shield
The word for shield there is the Hebrew word magen. If you go to Israel the Magen
David is like the Red Cross. You’ll see that on the ambulances. So it’s the Shield of David. So magen is the shield there.
shield
and the horn of my salvation,
Horns had to do with power. So He is the power of my salvation.
My stronghold
Stronghold there is mishugove meaning a high place, a
high tower.
and
my refuge;
Manos a place to hide, a place for
protection.
Then there’s the cry at the end of the verse.
My Savior, You
save me from violence.
NKJ
2 Samuel 22:4 I will call upon the LORD, who is
worthy to be praised; So shall I be saved from my
enemies.
God is the only one who can protect us. Now I want you to look down a little bit. In verses 5 through 7 he cries out to God in
distress.
NKJ
2 Samuel 22:7 In
my distress I called upon the LORD, And cried out to my God; He heard my voice
from His temple, And my cry entered His ears.
In verse 8 notice how he describes the
deliverance. It almost sounds – it
sounds almost more than metaphorical. He
uses a lot of images. That’s why I
wanted you to pay attention to what was said back at Mizpah in 1 Samuel 7 when
God brought the thunder down so close to the Philistines it confused them and
routed them because you see the same kind of thing happening here.
David says:
NKJ
2 Samuel 22:8 "Then the earth shook and
trembled; The foundations of heaven quaked and were
shaken, Because He was angry.
This isn’t just figurative language. I believe this represents what he experienced
in some of the battles where God actually intervene physically in terms of
defeating the enemy as we've seen in different things such as the battle of Deborah
and Barak against Sisera and Jabin of Judges 5 where you have a flood that came
along and wiped out the chariot corps of the Canaanites there.
The thunder in 1 Samuel 7:
8
"Then the earth shook and trembled; The
foundations of heaven quaked and were shaken, Because He was angry.
9 Smoke went up from His nostrils, And devouring fire from His mouth; Coals were kindled by it.
10 He bowed the heavens also, and
came down With darkness under His feet.
This is poetic language, but you see the heavy dark
clouds coming down so low that the storm clouds frighten the enemy as
well. God is riding upon these storm
clouds.
11
He rode upon a cherub, and flew; And He was seen upon the wings of the wind.
12 He made darkness canopies around
Him, Dark waters and thick clouds of the skies.
13 From the brightness before Him
Coals of fire were kindled
That would be in reference to the lightening.
15
He sent out arrows and scattered them; Lightning bolts, and He vanquished them.
16 Then the channels of the sea
were seen, The foundations of the world were
uncovered, At the rebuke of the LORD, At the blast of the breath of His
nostrils.
So even though he is using figurative language and
its poetry there is also a sense there that this does reflect something real
and physical and geophysical that was taking place in terms of the deliverance
that God was bringing to them.
So that brings us to a conclusion now of that one verse
which covers a lot of territory in Hebrews 11:32 that these were men were who
trusted God at particular moments - some more, some less. And it is by means of faith - that is their
belief in the future fulfillment of a promise from God that they were able to
do all of these different things, all in relationship to protecting Israel and
securing and protecting the land of Israel.
So the conclusion in verse 39 is:
NKJ
Hebrews 11:39 And all
these, having obtained a good testimony through faith, did not receive the
promise,
NKJ
Hebrews 11:40 God having provided something
better for us,
This is where we make that shift into a modern day
application first to the readers at that time and then to us.
that
they should not be made perfect apart from us.
So we’ll start next time with those last two verses
as we pull that together because this is what sets the stage for the development
of the exhortation (or the challenge) in the next chapter.