Doctrine of Tithing: Old Testament Tax;
Gal. 6:6
Galatians 6:6 NASB
“The one who is taught the word is to share all good things with the one who
teaches {him.}” The main verb is koinoneo
[koinwnew] and it is related to the noun koinonia [koinwnia] which means fellowship, partnership. It means to
share one’s possessions with the implication of a joint participation and
mutual interest. It means to share, to join together, to
give. It is a present active imperative, second person singular. The present
tense usually indicates continuous action. The imperative tells us that this is
a mandate, a principle that in incumbent upon every single believer. It is a
present imperative and a present imperative seems to stress a principle as
standard operating procedure for the spiritual life. This is to be a spiritual
habit pattern that is cultivated and becomes a matter of self-discipline in the
life of a believer. That is in contrast to the aorist imperative which stresses
the urgency and the priority of an action.
The principle that underlies
this mandate is the principle of grace, not legalism. The difference between
grace and legalism is legalism says that what you do gains the approval of God
and that the blessing of God is based on what you do. That is the blasphemy of
the health and wealth position. It is a true principle that if we are givers,
and we see this in both the Old and New Testaments, and generous and let grace
impact every arena of our life (this is not talking about just giving in terms
of finances but giving as a whole) that returns to us tenfold and a hundredfold—but
not necessarily in time. Just because you are generous with money it does not
mean God is going to increase your bank account. Legalism says you have to give
ten per cent; grace says the principle is generosity. “…is to share all good
things,” is a principle of grace, and Paul is going to demonstrate the fact
that just because we are under the principle of grace doesn’t mean giving is not
longer part of the spiritual life; and he is going to emphasise the basis for
giving. Grace does not excuse us from giving but it gives us the freedom to
give from a totally different basis.
The next few words we need to
look at here is a relative participle, ho
katerchoumenos [o( kathrxoumenoj]. The verb is katecheo [kathxew] and it means to teach, to instruct. It refers to a
particular type of instruction, though. It is not simply didasko [didaskw] which is the general word for teaching or instruction.
katecheo refers to someone who
instructs in a relatively detailed manner, someone who teaches in a systematic,
categorised way of teaching. katecheo
is more than emotional devotional, it is detailed
study of the Word of God. So the beginning of this verse says: “Let the one the
believer who is sitting in the congregation where they are taught the word
systematically and categorically from the original languages) share,” i.e.
financially contribute from their resources, “all good things.” The word for “good”
is agathos [a)gaqoj] which
refers to a good of intrinsic value. So this is talking about an exchange rate
here between the pastor who comes in and teaches the Word of God to provide
spiritual nourishment to the congregation, and in return the congregation
supports that ministry financially. It is the responsibility of every believer
to support the ministry which is feeding them. That is what this is teaching.
The doctrine
of tithing
1.
Tithe comes from
the old English word that means one tenth. Tithing means to give one tenth; it
does not mean to give, it is not a synonym for giving. It is only one type of
giving listed in the Scriptures.
2.
In the Old
Testament the first mention of giving is found in Genesis chapter fourteen in
relation to Abraham’s gift to the king-priest of
3.
The next mention
of tithing comes in the Mosaic Law. There was not one tithe but three mentioned
in the Mosaic Law. Remember, the Mosaic Law was the legislation given by God
which was comparable to a constitution for a theocracy. In a theocracy God is
the ruler. The bureaucracy that runs the nation is the priesthood. The Mosaic
Law has three parts: the Ten Commandments, which is the preamble; the second
part has to do with the civil and criminal law; the third part has to do with
the spiritual life of the nation. It applied to every citizen in
4.
The first tithe
was levied every year on all Jewish citizens, believer and unbeliever, for the
financial support of the Levites. It wasn’t necessary for the people themselves
to be believers but their function illustrated spiritual truth. Everything was
taught very visually. They did not have the indwelling of the Holy Spirit or a
completed canon of Scripture. Numbers 18:21, 24 NASB “To the sons of
Levi, behold, I have given all the tithe in Israel for an inheritance, in
return for their service which they perform, the service of the tent of meeting….
For the tithe of the sons of Israel, which they offer as an offering to the LORD, I have
given to the Levites for an inheritance; therefore I have said concerning them,
‘They shall have no inheritance [land possession] among the sons of Israel’.”
5.
The second tithe
means that they took another ten per cent. Deuteronomy
6.
Every third year
was another tithe, an extra ten percent. Deuteronomy
7.
Conclusion: Each
Jewish citizen was required to give twenty per cent every year for the support
of the nation, and every third year thirty per cent. This giving is not related
in any way to their spiritual life, it is for believer and unbeliever alike, it
is not spiritual giving. Point: Tithing has nothing to do with your spiritual
life.
8.
Tithing was not
the only form of giving in the Old Testament. There were also free will
offerings in the Old Testament. Giving related to the spiritual life was based
on a free will offering that was motivated by the individual believer’s
understanding, response and appreciation for the grace of God. Giving related
to the spiritual life was not based on a mandate of ten per cent tax, it was based on a free will offering that was motivated
by the individual believer’s appreciation for the grace of God. The Scripture
doesn’t levy any specific amount for free will giving. That is something that
is determined between the believer and the Lord, depending on a number of factors
as we will see in the doctrine of giving. It is determined by one’s own
spiritual growth. Exodus 35:29 NASB “The Israelites, all the men and
women, whose heart moved [motivation to give] them to bring {material} for all
the work, which the LORD had commanded through Moses to be done, brought a
freewill offering to the LORD.” Giving is a mental attitude response. That means
they thought about it, reflected upon it; it is not an emotional response. It
is motivated by serious reflection about what God has done in the life of the
individual believer, reflection on the degree to which God has prospered him,
so that giving is proportional and not irresponsible. Other passages that
mention free will offerings are Leviticus 7:16; 22:18, 21, 23; 23:38; Numbers
29:39; Deuteronomy 12:6, 17; 16:10.
9.
During times of apostasy
in
10.
Tithing, then, is
the legislation of a specific amount to be given to the bureaucratic operation
of the nation