Lesson 72

Final Challenge – 30:11-20

 

Finishing up Moses’ invitation in Deut. 30; setting this area in prospective for the next book we will handle after Deuteronomy is Joshua for the administration of the first phase of God’s theocracy in the nation Israel.   During that early stage of the theocracy there is going to be invasion and blood shed and judgment upon those inhabitants of Canaan because of this covenant that has been made, because God has set apart this one nation from all the other nations.  The word “nation” in Hebrew is goiim, the nations, from which we get the word “Gentiles.”  The word “Gentile” doesn’t mean a race; it’s just the word for nation, so all the goiim, all of the nations together are called Gentiles or nations.  So that is the way the Word of God looks upon these national entities of the world, the various cultures, the various political spheres.  But out of all that God chose one, this nation Israel, for a special administrative relationship which we will be examining as Moses concludes his invitation. 

 

Again let’s remember what an invitation is and let’s remember that in this invitation that began back in Deut. 29 and from verses 1-9 Moses gave them the factual basis of the invitation.  This is a model; here we find in terms of the Word of God what a true Biblical invitation is.  And invitation is a presentation of the facts of history, of the Word of God and a challenge to respond to those facts, either positively or negatively.  In verses 10-15 Moses clarified exactly what it was that he wanted them to choose.  In verses 16 through the end of chapter 29 he dealt with the problem of negative volition and what would happen if they chose negatively toward His covenant. 

 

In chapter 30 he is concluding in this section which ends in verse 14 with what will happen if you choose for the covenant; if you choose to go in under the covenant.  He has finished explaining the various things, the blessings that God will give them.  Verses 1-3 summarized what theologians call the Palestinian Covenant, which really is not a separate covenant; it is an amplification of the Abrahamic Covenant.  The Abrahamic Covenant in Gen. 10, 15, 17, 22 gave three things basically to the nation Israel.  These three things consisted of an eternal title to the real estate defined in Gen. 15 & 17.  It also said that Israel would be the channel of worldwide blessing, that God’s program in history would go through the nation Israel, not because the nation Israel was great but because of His grace He chose it. Then we find other things that have to do with the Abrahamic Covenant that aren’t in these verses, but they have to do with the amplification of these.  The eternal title to the land is amplified in the Palestinian Covenant that we see; here the limits of the land are defined, here the limits of that clause back in the Abrahamic Covenant is amplified.  We get to the worldwide blessing and this is amplified what is known as the New Covenant which really isn’t a New Covenant as so much as it’s an amplification of what’s coming off according to the Abrahamic Covenant. The third thing was historical survival of the nation Israel and this is amplified in 2 Sam. 7, the Davidic Covenant.  So these various aspects of the Abrahamic Covenant are amplified progressively in history as God begins to unfold His plan and the details become more and more obvious. 

 

In Deut. 30 we have had just the amplification of the Palestinian provision for the land.  God has said that after the cursing and the blessing and all these things have come, it will be absolutely certain history that this nation Israel will be returned to its land and will come as the world priesthood nation.  In other words, a priest is one through whom you go to reach God.  The nation Israel in the Millennium and the eternal state will apparently act as a priestly nation through which the rest of the world will reach in a political and social way God, not in a personal way of course but as far as administration of the nations is concerned.  So this is God’s plan in history and it’s all rooted to this Palestinian Covenant.  The Palestinian Covenant is what we call an unconditional covenant.  What do we mean by an unconditional covenant?  Again, it’s like the Abrahamic Covenant, it doesn’t mean that God negates human choice. It simply means that God in His plan predicts what human choice will be and therefore we have God with His essence, we have sovereignty, and God’s sovereignty says I decide on a plan.  Omniscience says I know, say 10,000 different plans, if you want to see how this operates Matt. 11, the Lord Jesus Christ said at one time, O woe unto you Chorazin and Bethsaida, if the things done in you had been done in Sodom and Gomorrah they would have repented.  In other words, God’s omniscience knows what would have happened in other options of history.  There were a thousand things, say, before God; His sovereignty picked one out of these plans and said this is the master plan of history.  When God chose that master plan He chose a plan that would include in itself human volition.  So within the plan was volition.  Why did God chose this kind of a plan?  Apparently because He wanted a creature that would mirror His own personality, for those attributes on the left side of the essence box that are some way in our own image since we’re created in His image, personality. 

 

One of the choices of that plan is that God’s administration in the world will go through the nation Israel and so it will come down to a time when Messiah comes again to set up a 1000 literal year Millennial reign, after which there will be the Great White Throne judgment and the eternal state.  But that 1000 year reign is a culmination to history and it’s an important culmination to history because it is our message to the masses today that seek for justification, for a just society, for a society in which there is no more war, for a society in which there’s no more social injustice, for a society that’s balanced, for a society with freedom. And that vision of a perfect society is given in this 1000 year Millennium.  It’s not just a vision because that is the goal of history.  And yet even after 1000 years of perfect environment the Bible says that Satan is released for a short time and the masses that have lived in a perfect society for 1000 years turn and revolt against the Lord.  So that answers the problem can a just society solve mans’ problem; the answer is no it can’t because even here, with a perfectly administered society, when Satan is once again released you have this destruction.

 

In verses 11-14, the last section of this dissertation on positive choice we have Moses conclude, as he did with the last section.  Remember when he dealt with the negative choice, he concluded verse 29 of chapter 29 and said “The secret things belong unto the LORD our God; but those things which are revealed,” and those things that have been revealed “belong unto us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.”  In other words, God has secret aspects, we can never know omniscience, some people think you become omniscient when you die and go to heaven; you’re going to know everything.  You will not, you’re not going to become omniscient at the point of death; that would turn you into a god.  You’re going to be learning for all eternity.  So you learn a certain amount of information now and you will continue to learn for all eternity; this is the corollary to being a creature.  There are secret things that God has.

 

Now when Moses finishes this section dealing with the positive side, he does just what he did when he dealt with the negative side, namely, he takes verse 29 of chapter 29 and he expands it in a different way.  So in verses 11-14 we have this expansion at the end of section on His positive choice.  “For” he says, this is why you should hearken unto the Lord, because “this commandment which I command thee, it is not incomprehensible [it is not hidden from thee], neither is it far off.”

Verse 12 refers back to the incomprehensible clause, “It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go up for us to heaven, [and bring it down unto us, that we may hear it, and do it?]”  We didn’t have time to amplify that but this comes out again and again, that heaven in the Old Testament stands for the unknown, unrevealed councils of God. 

 

To see this turn to Proverbs 30:3, you’ll see much the same expression made again.  Here you have the same image of heaven as the residue of the storage of the omniscience of God.  This is a section of Proverbs of Agur, the son of Jakeh, “I neither learned wisdom, nor have the knowledge of the Holy One. [4] Who has ascended up into heaven, or descended?  Who has gathered the wind in his fists? Who has bound the waters in a garment? Who has established all the ends of the earth? What is His name, and what is His son’s name, if you can tell.”  Here again you see the fact that total knowledge, absolute truth, is unavailable to man unless God gives us pieces of it, verbally.  And when God gives us pieces of His absolute knowledge that’s stored in His omniscience, God takes part of it, if you will, and gives it to us. We call that the Bible.  The Bible is the revelation of God; it’s not the Bible contains the Word of God; the Bible is the Word of God.  Liberal theologians, for example, if those of you who have the RSV look carefully in the preface you will notice the hedging that goes on in the preface of that translation because many of the translators of the RSV were neo-orthodox people and therefore they didn’t believe the Bible was the Word of God, they believed it witnessed to the Word of God, that the Word of God was something way up in the heavens somewhere that you couldn’t understand. 

 

To see this and the significance of it go to John 3 and grasp one of those passages that you may never have understood before, it will make a lot more sense.  John 3, Jesus’ discussion with Nicodemus.  This is the famous dialogue between the Lord Jesus Christ and Nicodemus; Nicodemus being a PhD in his area in his day; he was a man that saw there was something about the person of Jesus Christ that attracted him, and yet having this typical academic pride he didn’t want to really come out and say it.  So he said in verse 2, “The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto Him, Rabbi, we know that thou art a teacher come from God; for no man can do these miracles that you do, except God be with him.”  In verse 3 Jesus immediately responds back to Nicodemus and says Nicodemus, I know what you want, you’re worried about the kingdom and you want to know how you can get in the kingdom and I tell you that “Unless a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.”  What is the kingdom of God that Jesus referred to? Was it some spiritual thing that nobody could see, spooky, shadowy kingdom of God? No; the kingdom of God that would have been understood in the time of the writing of this text was a literal social, political, physical kingdom. 

 

It was this Millennial Kingdom, and Nicodemus knew that this was the culmination of the history of his nation, but he knew that before that Kingdom there would be a judgment and some would be excluded and some would be accepted.  He said Lord, how can I participate in that perfect kingdom.  And Jesus said in order to participate in that you have to be born again.  And Nicodemus responded, remember he took it physically, verse 4, showing that he wasn’t thinking of spiritual kingdom here, he was thinking of physical things, “How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter the second time into his mother’s womb, and be born?” Jesus said unless a man be born of water and of the Spirit he cannot see the kingdom of God.”  Now that phrase in verse 5 is important.  Some people have taken that as a fact that that proves you cannot be saved unless you are baptized, unless you are born of the water—baptism, and born of the Spirit, those two have to occur together.  But Nicodemus would not have so understood it.  That’s reading into the text our present knowledge.  But put yourself back in Nicodemus’ shoes, what would he have done had the word come to him. What information did he have from the Old Testament about this future kingdom? 

 

Turn to Ezekiel 36:25; this does not refer to baptism. The Scripture must be interpreted as it would have been understood in the day in which it was written.  What Nicodemus had accessible to him, these prophecies of that future kingdom?  He is predicting the future kingdom, remember Ezekiel has borne witness to the collapse of the theocracy, and now he’s speaking of the resurrection of it in the millennial kingdom.  And he says, “Then I will sprinkle clean water upon you, and you shall be clean; from all your filthiness, and from all your idols, will I cleanse you.”  Verse 26, “A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you; and I will take away the stony heart,” etc.  The water there is used as it always is used in the prophetic literature of the Old Testament, for cleansing.  The water is the divine pronouncement of cleansing and forgiveness of sin.  So when Jesus says to Nicodemus, Nicodemus you have to be born of water and of the spirit, what would have come to Nicodemus’ mind is the prophecies he knew then of the kingdom.  Jesus was talking to a man who knew the Old Testament, and He didn’t have to into the details, this man knew this already. 

 

To one who knew Ezekiel 36, what would being born of water and the spirit mean?  It would mean that he would be forgiven of his sins and secondly after being forgiven from his sin the Holy Spirit would come to dwell.  He would be regenerated.  That’s how Nicodemus would have taken it.  Baptism is a picture of that but Nicodemus would not have taken that water literally because it wasn’t literal in the prophecy, not the way the prophets used the word “water.”  We come to this statement and then something else is said.  Verse 6, “That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit,” showing that it’s origin is not physical but spiritual, not however saying that the thing doesn’t result in physical change.  Verse 7, “Marvel not that I say unto you, Ye must be born again. [8] The wind bloweth where it wills, and thou hearest the sound of it, but you can’t tell from where it comes, and where it goes; so is every one that is born of the Spirit.” 

 

Now you have to catch the way the Apostle John writes.  When John records the words of Jesus he probably of all the writers in the Gospel, John records the words of our Lord directly.  Matthew, Mark and Luke sometimes will record the words of the Lord by indirect quotation, so it sounds like the Lord speaks differently in the different Gospels.  But that’s because in the Greek we have no way of telling whether the man is quoted directly or indirectly.  In the Greek they didn’t have any quotation marks like we have in English.  In English you can tell, so and so said quote, dot dot dot dot dot, end quote and you know that’s what he said.  Or I can say so and so said that dot dot dot dot dot and I would summarize what he said.  But in the Greek you can’t tell this and this is why Jesus and many of the men appear to speak differently.

 

However in this chapter of John 3 we have a little hint that many scholars have pointed to that suggest that John the Apostle most faithfully records the style of the teaching of the Lord Jesus Christ and that is that when John records the words of Jesus you can’t tell where Jesus’ words ends and John’s picks up.  For example, I would challenge you to read the rest of John 3 and tell me where do the words of the Lord Jesus Christ stop and the words of John the Baptist start, because by the time you get to the end of this chapter it’s John the Apostle that’s talking; when you start the chapter, however, it’s Jesus talking.  Somewhere in the chapter they switch and it’s a challenge to find it out.  It’s a very difficult problem of interpretation here, where they switch. 

 

Now how do you explain the fact that John spoke, evidently so much like the Lord Jesus Christ.  The best hypothesis that’s been advanced is that John was one of the youngest of the apostles and John being a younger man, probably a teenager at the time the Lord Jesus Christ picked him, he was a young man, that John was swayed.  Jesus became his hero and so as often you see this, a person who has a hero will tend to adopt the personality, the forms of speech, the forms of action and the mannerisms of his hero.  So John the Apostle evidently has taken over in himself the forms of address of the Lord Jesus himself.  You see this sometimes in the other Gospel writers, Matthew, Mark and Luke when they quote the Lord Jesus Christ, oftentimes it sounds like John, for there’s a passage in Matthew’s Gospel that says something about the light has come into the world, etc. and it sounds just like if you took that verse out of context you’d swear that was from John.  Therefore, apparently the Lord Jesus, if you could quote Him directly, would sound most like you see Him in this Gospel, John’s Gospel.

 

Now in the middle of this discourse when he’s accurately portraying the Lord’s conversation the Lord often taught by the use of a word that had two meanings.  In the Greek there’s a word for wind, there’s a word for spirit, and they’re the same word.  So the Lord Jesus Christ takes over the word for spirit, He’s talking about a spiritual birth and He says Nicodemus, it’s like the spirit that blows where it lists, and you hear the sound thereof, but you can’t see it.  And Jesus blends the two together in this illustration, “it comes and where it goes; so is every one that is born of the Spirit.”  Nicodemus in verse 9 asks a question that’s very relevant to this passage in Deuteronomy.  “How can these things be?”  Verse 10, “Jesus answered, and said unto him, Are you a master of Israel, and you not know these things? [11] Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness. [12]] If I have told you earthly things, and ye believe not, how shall ye believe, if I tell you heavenly things?”

 

What does Jesus mean by “earthly things” and “heavenly things?”  What’s the difference?  What He has just said to Nicodemus is Nicodemus, look, you have the prophecies of the Old Testament, what does Ezek. 36 tell you?  How does one get into the kingdom; you have to be born of water and of the Spirit; you know that Nicodemus, it’s an earthly thing.  What is an “earthly thing” now?  An earthly thing is not something that’s physical and the heavenly things are spiritual, that’s not the way these words are used.  The “earthly thing” is something that is available to man that has already been revealed, and Jesus is saying look Nicodemus, I haven’t even revealed any new truth to you; I’ve just simply gone back to the Old Testament prophecies and you don’t understand them, now Nicodemus if you don’t understand the Old Testament what are you going to do if I start adding to it?  That’s what Jesus is saying to Nicodemus here.  He says you are a master of Israel, you don’t know these things; I have just simply built on the prophecies of the Old Testament, certainly Nicodemus you ought to understand that, and if you don’t you’re going to be in trouble when I add to the revelation.  And in a way, as John often writes, these individual personal events become types of national behavior, Nicodemus here represent­ing the nation Israel and you have the situation of what happens to him as an individual basically happens to the nation; they understood not the earthly things and so therefore they wouldn’t understand the heavenly things when they were made earthly, in other words new information from God’s omniscience made clear to man.

 

So we have the picture then summing up of earth and heaven as they are used in Scripture.  Earth means it is already revealed; heavenly things are things that are secret. These are things that have not yet been revealed, though they may in the future.  In the New Testament we have nine mysteries revealed of heaven. So the heavenly things become earthly things when they are revealed. When you speak of heavenly things and earthly things you’re not talking about one thing is more physical than the other; that’s a platonic problem that people always have when they come to God’s Word.  Don’t make that division here; that’s not the division that’s intended. 

 

Back to Deuteronomy now.  So Moses is saying, when he concludes his invitation, the people, he says, I have expounded to you these doctrines; I have made the issue clear, there is not an excuse under the sun for not obeying this thing, for these things are not in heaven, verse 12, and when he says they are not in heaven it means that they are not hidden in God’s omniscience, they are not unrevealed things that you have to send an angel up to find out.  Why do I major on this point?  Because if you will go into any liberal church today, if you read the writings of the liberals, if you take a course in religion or Bible as literature on the college campus, I’ll lay 9 to 1 odds that you will pick this concept up; modern theology says that the things have never become earthly, they’re still heavenly and all that we’ve got down here is man’s subjective responses, reactions and opinions to his environment; that’s all we’ve God and God really has never taken any of His heavenly things and verbally revealed them. This is the difference between the fundamentalist, between the orthodox Christian and all of liberal Christendom today. We are in a vast minority group; we are a very, very small minority group here.  But you’ve got to see the point.  Modern or the new theology does not believe in earthly things.  To them nothing ever has come from God’s omniscience down into the realm of man’s intellect; it’s always stayed up there and man’s intellect has strived on just man’s own thoughts about himself and about God and the surroundings.  That’s the content of new theology.

 

But I want you to see here in verse 12 that wasn’t the concept of the Old Testament.  You may argue that the Bible is wrong but at least be fair in your representation of the Bible.  The people of the Bible did not believe the way these existentialists’ theologians believe today is wrong, to read those ideas back into these men; these men believed in a literal revelation from God.  They may have been wrong, and that’s for you to judge; you’ve got to choose that.  You can say they’re wrong, of course you can’t be an orthodox Christian and say they’re wrong.  But the point is, you can say they’re wrong but don’t you misrepresent what they say.  These men had no question in their minds that God had personally spoken to them. 

 

Then Moses sums it up in verse 14 by saying “But the word is very near unto thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that you may do it.”  Now watch that phrase carefully because it will protect you against a common misinterpretation of that verse in the New Testament.  Oftentimes this verse is twisted to get you to do certain things and I’ll explain in a moment.  But you want to understand when he says “in thy mouth and in thy heart” he means that you know it; that’s what he means.  If you turn to Deut. 31:19 you’ll see how mouth is used.  “Now, therefore, write this song for you, and teach it to the children of Israel;” remember in Deut. 6 they would teach things to the children, “teach it to the children of Israel; put it in their mouths,” it is in apposition to “teach.”  Putting it in their mouths means that you’ve communicated it to them to the point they can verbally understand it.  I have read in a book recently that when you think, if you take careful measurements of the electrical signals that are coming through your nerves to your larynx that there are actually signals that are defined patterns of talking, even though your silent; you may be thinking about things, as your brain functions it is transmitting down to your voice box.  And so although your voice box, of course, you’ve decided that you’re not going to speak and so you don’t really speak, still those signals are available, so that as you think in [can’t understand] one to one relationship, as your brain functions your lips can also function. 

 

Now this is what was recognized in the Old Testament, that as you think in your heart your mouth is in one to one relationship or linked to it.  So they said in verse 19, to put it in their mouths meant that they would know it and be able to verbalize it because knowing in the Bible means that you are able to think it through to the point when you can verbalize it and tell someone else about it.  You can think through your faith. That’s what it means to have faith in the Bible; do you see why I keep saying you have to know the Word, you have to know the Word because there’s no other way you can believe in the Bible.

 

Turn to Rom. 10:5 and you will be prepared to understand that enigmatic paragraph that is often used by evangelists to get people to walk down the aisle, sign cards, and raise their hands.  I feel it’s an illegitimate application.  This is another illustration of what happens when you have people who study the New Testament without any preparation in the Old Testament.  You cannot under­stand the New unless you’ve got a firm foothold on the Old Testament.  “For Moses describes the righteousness which is of the law, that the man who does those things shall live by them. [6] But the righteousness which is of faith speaks on this wise, Say not in your heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above); [7] Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead).”  You might even say that verses 6-7 is command­ing you not to believe.  What do I mean by that? What he’s saying is that the Word of God, when the word of faith comes Paul is saying don’t you jump if you don’t understand it; if you can’t understand the gospel, if you’re in the position I don’t understand this thing, it’s too deep for me and I’m just going to believe it, if you say these things, “say not in your heart” these things.  Understand it, then believe but don’t believe until you have understood the issue; don’t believe until you have understood the issue! 

 

I have seen more deformed Christians that have been prematurely shoved into the kingdom by high pressure salesmen of the gospel who have forced them to believe on emotional compulsion and these poor people have never understood the issue.  So they find themselves born again because the Bible says faith is a grain of mustard seed, it only takes a little bit, and by God’s grace they get in, but they get in and they are perpetually deformed forever after; it’s like having a premature baby and not caring for it.  Do you know what happens in the hospital with a premature child?  They have to put it in the incubator and you have to sit there and sort of sweat it out while that child gains weight, etc. and his systems adapt to the premature environment.  It’s the same thing spiritually; people that are shoved into the kingdom by emotional pressure, what happens.  I’m a pastor and I spend hours and hours trying to work with people that have been shoved into the kingdom, changing their diapers, blowing their nose, doing this, doing that, because they do not understand the grace of God and the first time they get hit with a problem, boom, it’s all over, they want to throw it overboard and everything else.  It’s horrible to work with these people; I’d rather work with an unbeliever than to work with people like this.  It’s horrible to say that but that’s exactly the way I feel from working with people that have been shoved into the kingdom.  And that’s why Paul says, don’t say this thing, “who shall ascend into heaven?”  Don’t say I don’t understand it so I’m going to believe it anyway, don’t say that, but rather… what does it say in verse 8, here he quotes from Deut. 30, “The word is near thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart; that is, the word of faith, which we preach:” now isn’t that interesting?  Paul takes that verse from Deut. 30 that had to do with the Law that Moses preached, and then he had the audacity to take that and say you know, that’s what I preach.  So here you take Paul identifying himself with Moses; what Moses preached Paul says I preach, there’s no difference logically in the message, none whatever, emphasis in a different area but no logical contradiction; absolute unity of the Word of God from Genesis to Revelation.

 

Then he goes on in verse 9-10 and makes this statement that is so often misunderstood.  “That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God has raised him from the dead, you will be saved. [10] For with the heart man believes unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.”  Often you will have people say that unless you confess Christ before men you haven’t been saved; unless you walk down this aisle and confess Jesus Christ openly and publicly there’s every reason to doubt your salvation. Well eventually that might be a bona fide thing to say, but not when a person is first born again.  Sometimes it’s true when a person has first trusted in the Lord and if the evangelism job has been thorough and adequate, he will immediately begin to stick up for Christianity and stick up for the person of Jesus Christ in front of others, and confess Him, that may be.  But on the other hand it may not be for a little while.  It takes time to grow, time to overcome natural shyness, etc.  We have a lot of people this way and time and the Word matures them and they eventually will, but the point still remains is that that’s not what Paul is saying here in verses 9-10.  This is not an evangelistic coming down the aisle, getting up and testifying for Jesus in front of men.

 

What he is saying based on what we know of the Old Testament ways of speaking is that verse 10, a mouth confession is made unto salvation, it means that you are able to verbalize.   You see, it’s an “if” clause in verse 9, “if you confess with your mouth,” and “if you believe in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.”  It’s true, that’s an “if” clause, it’s true that’s a prerequisite for salvation.  If you’re going to say you’d better be clear on the verse because if you’re saying this requires a public confession then you’d better be honest to the text and say no man can possible come into the kingdom of God unless he walks down the aisle.  That’s the only way to take that unless you take it this way.  You take the “if” clause, “if you confess,” what does it mean?  Confession is necessary and belief is necessary, what is he saying?  Those are prerequi­sites for salvation but this confession here is not the confession in front of someone, the confession here is that you are able to verbalize it to someone.  Just like back in the Old Testament, teach your children and put it in their mouth… put it in their mouth.  What does it mean?  So they understand it and can verbalize it.  And what Paul is saying here is that until a person is able to understand it to the point of being able to verbalize and explain it he can’t believe it.  That’s pretty strong language and if only some of the evangelists of our time would grab hold of this we’d have a phenomenal change in the whole approach, that the New Testament commands a person to understand thoroughly, and then put your trust in it, after you’ve understood… after you’ve understood. 

Back to Deut. 30, in verses 15 through the end of the chapter he concludes with a challenge for these people to believe.  He says, “See, I have set before thee this day life and good, and death and evil,” and I pause for a moment in this verse to draw your attention to the way these words are used in the Old Testament, again, to steer you away from errors of interpretation of the New.  When he says “life and good, and death and evil,” please notice the union of the physical and the spiritual.  “Life” is physical life here and “good” is the same word in Ecclesiastes and it means the normal pleasures of life.  In the Old Testament life, physical life is looked upon pleasurably. 

 

We’ve had this come up in a very interesting way in mission work.  One of the first things that happened when the American Board of Missions to the Jews was getting involved in Jewish evangelism and presenting Christ to the Jewish people, they had a problem because many of the Jewish women and the men would come to the meetings dressed appropriately; in other words, they would dress in their various styles of the time, but many of the Christians who were involved in this were the legalistic fundamentalists of the East, and of course the ladies had their skirts down to their ankles and combed their hair with a fan and never saw what a stick of lipstick looked like and a few other things, and this was the kind of people, and they become highly insulted when these Jewish people, Christians, would walk into the assembly dressed normally and attractively.  And they’d get all shook up about it, so one of the Jewish men that was working, I happen to know him personally, was telling the fact that you’ve got to watch, see these Jew people have been brought up to believe that life is to be enjoyed and there’s no problem in enjoying it.  And when you see the word “life” in the Old Testament they always identify it with the good, things that are pleasurable and attractive.  It’s a relaxed way of life and you get it from the Old Testament. This is why again, when we went through the feasts, do you remember when they had the worship feasts, they got together and they had a feast, they had a good time, they enjoyed themselves; it was a time of enjoyment. 

 

So to the Old Testament viewpoint and the New Testament really if you understand it, life means pleasure, and the person doesn’t really live until they enjoy themselves.   Living in the Bible isn’t just existing; living in the Bible is getting real satisfaction out of life.  Jesus said “I am come that they might life and have it abundantly,” abundant life, a pleasurable, pleasure-filled life.  And that’s the connotation of the word “life,” and death, “evil” and the word “evil” here means things that kind of stick in your craw.  The word “evil” here is things that are disagreeable and that is associated with death, the two go together; life and pleasure, death and displeasure.  And that is the way you have it set up in the Old Testament.  This is why in the Old Testament salvation could never, never, never, never have been conceived of just a spiritual experience, a mystical experience. To them there couldn’t be salvation until the physical things of life could be enjoyed, and this is why in salvation in the Old Testament you know nothing of a spiritual resurrection; it’s always a physical, literal resurrection, because you’re not saved, you’re not delivered, you’re not enjoying life until you can enjoy the physical things of life.  And that is why they looked forward to a resurrection physical body in which you are to enjoy yourself.  It’s not salvation just to be in the presence of the Lord without your body.  Final salvation comes about when that soul is reunited with the body in a resurrection body and there’s no salvation until that has happened. And that’s why in the Old Testament there’s a mystery of why people live like this and they die and the next thing you see in the Old Testament is resurrection; none of this going to be in the presence of the Lord, that’s strictly true for the Church Age but it wasn’t true for the saints of the Old Testament.   They went to Sheol, Abraham’s bosom section. 

That’s why heaven is a new concept; heaven comes in in the New Testament when the Lord Jesus Christ ascended to heaven and so we go to be in His presence.  We don’t stay there outside of our bodies because at the rapture He brings us back to get our resurrection body. Salvation would not be complete unless it were physical.  You’ve got to appreciate that view of the Old Testament.  It will keep you away from a lot of these cults that are going around saying salvation is something spiritual, oriental religions coming in and saying it’s nirvana or something; that’s not the Old Testament, oh no, the Old Testament is very materialistic in this sense, very materialistic.

 

Verse 16, “In that I command thee this day to love the LORD thy God,” now this particular phrase is going to amplify the word “love.”  “Love” in the Old Testament is different from the way it’s usually used in the New Testament.  “I command thee this day to love the LORD thy God,” again I repeat what I have said several times in this series on Deuteronomy, that love was a political concept of loyalty.  Love in this book is not a sentimental thing; it means that you are loyal and submissive to the suzerain.  You have the suzerainty vassal treaties and the vassal king, the little king that would make a treaty with the great king, would say “I love you,” and he wasn’t writing love notes to the king when he said that.  We have actually in archeology today letters written to Pharaoh saying we love you Pharaoh.  Now it’s not talking about we love you so and so in some silly, trivial trite way.  What he meant was I am loyal to you Pharaoh and I will stand here forever as your vassal king.  That was what the content of the word “love” meant in this sense.

 

To show this Moses amplifies the verb “love” in verse 16 by giving you two other verbs, “to walk in His ways, and to keep His commandments and His statutes and His judgments,” if you bracket the word “to walk” all the way down to the word “judgments,” inside that bracket you would have an explanation in context of what it means to love the Lord as far as the Bible is concerned.  Loving the Lord means this: being in loyal obedience to His Word.  This is why sometimes I get irritated when I hear somebody say so and so is having trouble, so and so is doing this but so and so loves the Lord.  This is a little cliché that goes around and it’s cheap and it shouldn’t be cheap.  If you understood what this phrase means, loving the Lord, you’d never use it that way, so and so loves the Lord.  That’s nonsense.  So and so loves the Lord when so and so knows the Word of God and is loyal to it.  That’s who loves the Lord, and all this emotional jazz that comes across in fundamental circles, so and so loves the Lord, is ridiculous; it’s blasphemy against the concept.  People who know the Word of God and apply it are ones who love the Lord and don’t ever buy this; you get it in devotional literature, Christian magazines that talk about this business of love the Lord and all the rest of it.  You respond to His Word. 

 

You say that’s Old Testament, that’s not New Testament.  Come on over into the New Testament, to the Gospel of John.  John 14:21, this is a briefing of the disciples by the Lord Jesus Christ hours before He was to die. Remember He was talking to Jewish people who knew the Old Testament, and therefore when He said “you love Me” they would do what?  They would automatically set it in the same category that the word “love” was set in in the Old Testament.  So in John 14:21 Jesus recites the same commandment, “He that hath My commandments, and keeps them, he it is that loves me; and he that loves Me shall be loved of My Father, and I will love him, and will manifest Myself to him.”  Same concept, no change from Old Testament to New Testament. 

 

So that’s one area of the word “love” and that is the female said of the word “love.” The Old Testament concept of love presents the female side of the picture.  In the New Testament we have the male side of the word “love” and John presents that too in that “God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son.”  That half of the word love, agape, is the male role [blank spot] and God Himself reveals the male side of love because there He says God loves the unlovely, the unmeritorious and the unwilling.  And God Himself initiated the action of love, it was the male side of love; the male did the initiation and produced the response.  We see this a little bit in the Old Testament. Who saved the nation Israel from Egypt?  Who was it that took the initiative?  It was God who initiated the love by an action and when He initiated the love, that had to come first, the initiation by the male you would say.  Then the female came and responded. 

 

And this is the commandment in Deuteronomy after the nation has been redeemed, after God, in the male role, has taken it upon Himself to initiate it, then He turns around and says do you love Me.  Do you respond to Me?  Are you loyal to Me?  And that’s the female side.  But you always get the male side first in the plan of salvation and that’s typifies and one reason why we have divine institution number two, marriage, so that men and women might, in their life, participate, be forced to participate in this so they’d understand a little bit of it.  This is Ephesians 5.  But the whole idea there is that the marriage situation is set up so that both the male and the female would have an experiential participation in this love, both from the female and the male side, and would under­stand the aspects of the plan of salvation.  And so in the plan of salvation you have God doing the initiating, we do the responding.  So the concept of love now presented in the Old Testament here is the female side, against the New Testament when the cross of Christ is introduced emphasizes the male side.

 

Deut. 30:17, “But if thine heart turn away, so that thou wilt not hear, but shalt be drawn away, and worship other gods, and serve them, [18] I denounce [declare] you this day,” in verse 17 I’d like to point out something that comes again and again in the Word of God and that is that you are not your own lord.  There are only two options in the life, either God controls or the decay of the old creation takes over.  Gal. 5:16 tells us the lusts of the flesh are against the lust of the Spirit, the two are contrary one to the other, so you can’t do the things that you would. If you study the sequence carefully in verse 17 you’ll notice a progression.  “If your heart turn away,” there’s volition, they go on negative signals toward the Word of God, “If your heart turn away, so that you will not hear,” decreased perception as a result of negative volition, “and,” not a “but” but “and you shall be drawn away.”  Those of you who have had a little English, do you notice what’s happened to the voice of those verbs?  The first two verbs are active voice; the third verb in the sequence of verse 17 is a passive.  When a verb is passive voice where is the action coming from?  The object is producing the action back on the subject; the subject receives the action, passive voice. 

 

Here in verse 17 the voice of these verbs suddenly switches and the person who has gone on negative volition with decreased perception suddenly finds himself “drawn away,” not that he actively does it but he sets himself into the situation where spiritual forces begin to operate and twist him and tear him away from the theocracy as the nation went on in history. This is a prediction, incidentally, of the apostasy under the prophets.  First you have negative volition; second, decreased perception, and then thirdly you yield to the doctrines of demons; the powers of darkness come in and lead you astray. Do you know how you can lead you astray?  Because already you have chosen, by negative volition, to blind yourself, and then of course God comes in and allows these powers of darkness to take you off, worship other gods and serve them. 

This of course happens to unbelievers, when an unbeliever reaches the point of God consciousness he goes on negative volition, Paul says in Romans 1, if he goes this way then immediately he is judged and his perception begins to decrease and God takes his hands off, doctrine of common grace removed, and once common grace is removed, partially here in Romans 1 as a result of this negative volition, then they are led away and they give themselves over to their lusts of the flesh and all the rest of it takes over.  It’s prophetic but the man, the creature, made in God’s image is free only to serve God or to serve in the satanic world order.

 

A lot of people misunderstand this; they always think that volition means that I am free to be my king.  That’s not true; there are only a finite set of options that you have left and you can either choose to submit to God and have freedom or you choose to rebel against God and strangely enough, that sounds like you’re going to get freedom by revolting against God and yet it always winds up that you are deeper in the abyss with less freedom.  We find this doctrine expounded in detail in Eph. 2:1-3.  We have this illustrated in history. When you have the great revolutions in history, apart from the American Revolution, you always notice something.  After it’s all over there’s less freedom after than there was before; it’s very interesting how that works because when you revolt against authority it seems to be 9 times out of 10, unless the authority is very corrupt and completely out of it, you wind up setting up anarchy, setting up rebellion, setting up chaos and in the end you lose. 

 

It’s the same thing in the Christian life, when you receive the Lord Jesus Christ God puts you in union with Christ.  God, however, says that you have this bottom circle of experience.  Now you go on negative volition and you get out of fellowship with the Lord, immediately you lost the filling of the Holy Spirit, the old sin nature takes over, the flesh takes over and you’re not free, you’re not free at all; you’re a slave and a victim to the lusts of your own flesh.  There’s no escape from it, you can try operation bootstrap all you want to and you’re never going to solve the problem because salvation comes by grace; salvation in the phase two sense of the word, filling of the Holy Spirit, returns when you go on positive volition again.  So freedom in the Word of God is a function of your volition. 

 

Verse 18, “I denounce you this day, that ye shall surely perish, and that ye shall not prolong your days upon the land, to which thou passeth over the Jordan to go to possess it.”  And verse 19 is an important summary to this chapter.  “I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing; therefore, choose life, that both you and your seed may live.”  Now “heaven and earth” is a reference to these angelic powers that are acting as the witnesses to this treaty.  We know from study of archeology that these suzerainty vassal treaties at the end always had a section called the witnesses.  In the pagan cultures the witnesses were the gods.  You see, a treaty was the law and the law has to have lawmakers; law has to have law enforcement. So the treaty that was made between the suzerain and the vassal couldn’t be enforced by the suzerain or the vassal, ultimately, it had to have a higher backing in back of it and so they appealed to the gods.  You can read these treaties, you can go the library and get Pritchard’s Ancient Near Eastern text out and read the treaties and there you’ll see these treaties with the gods, and the appeal is made to these gods, [can’t understand word] a witness to this and let the man who violates this treaty be cursed.  It’s an appeal to the gods. 

 

But in the Old Testament you wouldn’t have an appeal to the gods, there’s only one God.  So therefore they [not sure of word] it in the words “heaven and earth,” but to see that this is not just a dark thing, something that is just symbolic of heaven and earth but actually includes these things, go back to Deut. 4:19 and you’ll see there that all the nations except Israel are placed under an administration in history of angelic powers.  “And lest thou life up thine eyes unto heaven, and when you see the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even all the host of heaven, [that you] should be drive to worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath divided unto all nations under the whole heaven.”  There’s something here that’s not immediately obvious, but suffice it to say that the word “stars” in the Bible is used both of the physical stars and of the angels which is why you have heard me say that these angelic powers and these spiritual forces evidently are related to the things we call planets, galaxies, etc. and it’s one reason why we have what is known as astrology.  People like to knock astrology and say it’s baseless; a lot of it is quacks but a lot of it has a true root in history, but that’s not for Christians to dabble with because God has said that the sun and the moon and the stars of verse 19, I have given the Gentiles, the nations, these are the powers that control these nations.  It’s not that there’s a secret ray or something coming from Cyrus or something, and this little star is affecting us in the physical way, but evidently there are spiritual personalities identified with star clusters and groups that are active in influencing the history on earth.

 

So see this a little bit more turn to Daniel 10 and you’ll see the famous prayer of Daniel and the coincidence of these angelic powers and the political kingdoms of this world.  To remind you what we are doing here, we are looking at the angelic powers that control the nations, that are back of history.  Daniel 10:13, this was Daniel’s prayer and he prayed for three weeks, and he was in such intense prayer that he fasted.  Now some of you, because you have come out of churches of liturgy, when you hear the word “fast” you think that means giving up bubble gum and giving up all the rest for lent, but that’s not fasting in the Bible.  Fasting in the Bible means this: it means that you are so preoccupied with a spiritual task that eating and the normal activities of life don’t even enter your mind.  Think back to the 40 days of Jesus in the wilderness.  Remember when it was that Jesus was hungry; not all during the 40 days.  After the 40 days was over, the text says, Jesus became hungry and the angels visited Him.  Jesus was not hungry during the 40 days of not eating and drinking when He went out in the wilderness.  He was so fantastically preoccupied with the battle, with the struggle with Satan that He had no time for eating, drinking or anything else.  And then the feelings of hunger came upon Him at the end, and that’s when He hungered, and that’s fasting.

 

Daniel had fasted and prayed for three weeks, an intensive prayer life, and finally the answer comes, but then in verse 13 the explanation for the delay.  The angel was three weeks answering Daniel’s prayer and the angel explains to Daniel, “But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me one and twenty days,” that’s 21 days, three weeks, “but, lo, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me and I remained there with the kings of Persia.” Now isn’t that interesting, thee are angels talking and he’s talking about the angels with the exact terminology that you would use for a physical king. In Isaiah 14, Ezekiel 28 you have the same thing.  In Ezekiel 28 you have the prophet ostensibly addressing the physical political king of Tyre and yet he addresses Satan because Satan stands behind that king.  So there’s that intimate connection in the Bible between world rulers and the spiritual powers that hide behind these rulers and manipulate. 

So as far as the Gentiles are concerned they are apparently under the dominion of these angelic forces, including our own nation.  It’s no accident that the nations of the Gentiles always have the same symbols nationally.  What is our symbol?  The eagle.  That basically was the symbol of the Roman legion; the symbol of the British Empire is a lion, always after these animal forms, the same animal forms that appear in the book of Revelation before the throne of God.  There are a lot of connections here that you can study on but I want to move over now, I’ve shown you what happens with the Gentiles and the angelic powers before them and now I want to show you Israel and Israel’s relation to them. 

 

So turn to Heb. 2 and I also would list Acts 7:53; Gal. 3:19, parallel verses.  Heb. 2:1-3 tells us that this law of the Old Testament, verse 2 was “spoken by angels …, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward.” The angels administered the words and the law to Israel.  So you have the angels not only over the Gentiles but in a special way they administer to Israel in history.  On the way back to Deuteronomy I want to stop at a few places in the Old Testament.  As we move back through the Bible I’m going to stop and pause at a few references where these angelic forces are exposed.

 

Psalms  89:5, this refers to this strange angelic council in the presence of God who administer history for man.  Don’t take into account a mechanistic view of history.  It’s true that history goes on by sociological principles but don’t ever let out of your understanding and sense of understand­ing the fact that behind these sociological principles stand these spiritual forces.  This is why fundamentalism has said again and again that social reform must by done by spiritual means because the social problems themselves are caused, or at least augmented, by these spiritual forces in the background.  They have to be dealt with.  “And the heavens shall praise thy wonders, O LORD: they faithfulness also in the assembly of the holy ones, [congregation of the saints.]”  It says “saints” in your Bible and you tend to think that’s believers, not it isn’t; the word “saints” there in verse 5 refers to angels.  Verse 6, “For who in the heavens can be compared unto the LORD? Who among the sons of the mighty,” the sons of El, that’s angels, “can be likened unto the LORD?  [7] God is greatly to be feared in the assembly of the holy ones, and to be had in reverence of all those who are about him.”  This is the angelic assembly that stands in the presence of God, seen in the book of Revelation and several other places.

 

1 Kings 22, here is a meeting of this angelic council, verses 19-22, because of a problem in history.  “And he said, Hear thou, therefore, the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right hand and on His left. [20] And the LORD said, Who shall persuade Ahab, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead? And one said on this manner, and another said on that manner,” and there was a discussion within the council.  Verse 21, “And there came forth a spirit, and stood before the LORD, and said, I will persuade him. [22] And the LORD said unto him, Wherewith [by what means]? And he said, I will go forth, and I will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.  And he said, Thou shalt persuade him, and prevail also; go forth, and do so.” And the rest of the chapter discusses what happened in history as a result. 

 

Chalk it up to mythology, chalk it up to phony views of history but I tell you that this is the view of the authors of Scripture.  History is not how it appears to you but behind what you can observe in the political and social realm stand these forces that are manipulating.

We’ll conclude now in Deut. 30. These are what occupy the heavens and the earth, to which Moses calls witness.  When we get into the prophetic literature of the Old Testament I will take you back to the prophets and show you how they go back to Deut. 30 and when Isaiah begins his book he says “hear O heavens and earth, the Lord has a rib with you,” and the word “rib” in Hebrew means a lawsuit.  Isaiah, Hosea, Micah, the social prophets of the Old Testament were not innovators, these men came up to the social questions of their day and said you people stand judged because you have violated this covenant and God is suing you for breach of covenant and He does so in front of His angelic assembly.  And this is why Micah does this; Hosea does it; Isaiah does it.  They all go back to this verse, verse 19, heaven and earth is going to witness against you and act as the administrators of this. 

 

If you want to see this further turn to Deut. 32:1, “Give ear, O ye heavens, and I will speak; and hear, O earth, the words of my mouth,” this is the song of testimony and there again the song itself is addressed to the witnesses of the treaty, hear heavens and hear earth.  In other words, history, your life, my life, the life of our country, the life of the world, is going on, you might say in a fishbowl, and people are looking, the angelic forces are observing history because history is meaningful not just to men but also meaningful to them too. 

 

Next time we’ll start with verse 20.