1 Samuel Lesson 47

Witch of Endor/Saul is hardened – 28:7-25

 

We continue in 1 Samuel 28, and it would be well for us to recall the place 1 Samuel 28 has in the book.  1 Samuel 28 is one of those odd chapters that appears out of place because chapter 27 deals with a problem David had; chapter 29-30 deal with a problem David has.  And chapter 31 deals with a problem Saul has.  Chapter 28 chronologically should fit some time after chapter 29.  In other words, reading 1 Samuel by western tradition you’re to come up with “there’s a conflict in the Bible.”  But as I have said many times, you do not read Scripture chronologically in the Old Testament, necessarily.  You read it topically and God the Holy Spirit, when He narrates something to you is narrating a topic and so we have an event in chapter 27.  We’re about to have two other events in chapter 29 and 30.  Chapter 27, 29 and 30 are all in sequence.  But chapter 28 is not; chapter 28 is out of sequence.  And the Holy Spirit apparently has seen fit to put it here to warn us why certain things are going to happen in chapter 29-30. 

 

David is in a jam, chapter 27; he was in the jam of having played politics with Achish, having falsified military records for some sixteen months, he was now about to be called into an expedition to annihilate Israel by the Philistines.  And David has no way of getting out of it.  So chapter 28 gives you background material so you may understand how God is going to work in this way.  So chapter 28 is a cause of chapters 29-30, even though chapter 28 occurs after them.  How can something which occurs after an event be the cause before the event?  Because God is omniscient; an omniscient God obviously looks through time, not at time.  And since He looks through time He can foresee things that He has decreed, and this is one of those things.  So chapter 28 is out of place chronologically but not logically. 

 

The second point of background is Saul; Saul has shown no sign whatsoever of genuine heart repentance.  His heart is as hard or harder than it ever was before.  Saul has deliberately rejected the grace of God at point after point; he continues to put up his self-righteous façade and we learn from this chapter something that characterized the administration of King Saul, a feature that his administration was known by throughout the ancient world with a certain campaign. Many admin­­­istrations had certain campaigns, certain things that they are noted for.  Saul’s administration was noted for the annihilation of witchcraft and the occult.  He had a great crusade during his days in office against the witches and against the occult, and it sounded like a very godly crusade because it did line up with Deuteronomy 18.  It did look as though yes, here is an administration that is applying the Word of God in every area.  Here Saul is exercising part of the Law that no king before him had; obviously no judge before him had.  The judges, during the period of the judges, allowed this thing to grow and grow and grow, and now King Saul as the king comes and he destroys, he cuts off at the roots a thing which had plagued Israel for centuries.  Surely this must be a godly work on the part of a godly administration.  But we’re going to see, no, it wasn’t at all, it was just more of a very proud self-righteousness and Saul is involved up to his neck in this. 

 

The third thing we want to understand is that Saul has had pronounced upon him a decree; a decree of discipline, a sovereign decree, and this sovereign decree can never be thwarted.  It can be adjusted, it can be responded to, and God makes ways in grace to withstand these decrees, but the decrees themselves remain because they are sovereign declarations and Saul is about now to receive the fulfillment of this sovereign decree. 

Verse 7, “Then said Saul unto his servants,” remember last time we left at verse 6, he couldn’t get an answer to prayer; Saul couldn’t get an answer from God and so you would feel sorry, poor Saul.  Isn’t this a man who is sincere, isn’t this a man who in the last hours of his life is crying out to God; isn’t Saul really concerned, isn’t he trying to contact God through the priesthood but there’s no priest due to an unfortunate antecedent event; there are no ties to the prophet but again through unfortunate antecedent events there are no prophets either, and he apparently has tried dreams and God has not answered.  Poor Saul, everybody feels sorry for Saul, pass the Kleenex.

 

Verse 7, in the middle of this problem, Saul sends for a women who has a familiar spirit.  This is his contact with the demonic; “the woman who has a familiar spirit” in the Hebrew is taken from a word for “lord” that would mean the “lordess,” or we’ll just say the Lady, with a capital “L,” indicating her rank; “the Lady of an aob,” a lady of an aob means the lady of a demon; a lady who is demon possessed, or who is in very close contact with demon forces.  This is the one person that Saul’s campaign was noted for eliminating. So Saul, finally in desperation in the eleventh hour of his life gets so desperate that he goes against that for which he was publicly known.  Now a self-righteous legalist like Saul is in very, very desperate straits indeed if he is going to contradict the façade that he has tried to convince everyone about.  And in the last hours of his life this is precisely what he’s doing.  “Then said Saul unto his servants, Seek me a lady of an aob [woman who is a medium], that I may go to her, and inquire of her.” 

 

Now I want you to notice what the servants say in verse 7, “And his servants said to him, Behold, there is a woman who has an aob [is a medium] at Endor.”  Now that’s interesting, that little remark, there’s a lady that has an aob.  How fast the underlings in Saul’s administration could locate a lady with an aob, when the very administration was known as the administration that purged all these people. How come the lieutenants of Saul were so familiar and could locate a person within several minutes, as it were.  Let’s look at the terrain; here’s the Jordan River, Mt Gilboa, approximately 1500 feet, high ground, the Israelites are on that.  There’s a valley called the valley of Jezreel that goes down like this, this is what the terrain looks like; the Philistines are camped at a place that you see listed in verse 4, Shunem, it’s located northwest of Gilboa, and it is on a height of land.  These are militarily wise positions, you fight from the heights of land.  Shunem was the place where the Philistines encamped.  Now here is where Endor is; just northeast of Shunem.  

 

This indicates something very interesting.  It indicates that Saul is going to take a most desperate move; Saul is going to come very close to the Philistine main force, all alone except for a few lieutenants with him.  And he’s going to go there for this apostate purpose of seeking information from the demon forces.  Now when Saul agrees to do this he is agreeing to, essentially, abandon his position, to move over here to actually threaten his whole life, his whole command. 

 

But there’s something else that’s interesting here.  The very fact that in this situation the people in his administration could locate one of these people so very quickly indicates that really this campaign, like so many political campaigns, was only skin deep; he really hadn’t eliminated the people with the aobs; if he had, how come his administration knew where they were located.  On the other hand, if this administration had been consistently carrying out his policies of eliminating the occult, then if these lieutenants knew of this lady, why haven’t they killed her before?  Why do they know so much about her.  Obviously the story is that as all self-righteous, moralistic campaigns that are built on something other than the Word of God, they are only skin deep and the cracks begin to show up real fast.

 

Verse 8, “And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and he went, and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night; and he said, I pray thee, divine unto me by the aob, [as a medium],” the word “divine” is a word that we studied in Deuteronomy 18, and it means usually divine by chance, throwing the arrow heads, the headless arrows that I mentioned last time, but here the word takes on a larger connotation of simply knowing what he should do.  Now I want you to notice, there’s an internal contradiction in this verse, a tremendous contradiction, a contradiction that comes straight out of the chaos of poor Saul’s soul.  The contradiction is this: if you go in rebellion against God’s will, why are you interested in finding out what you ought to do?  Isn’t there a contradiction there?  If he hasn’t bothered in the past of finding out what he ought to do, based on God’s authoritative Word, why in a jam is he now concerned with trying to find out what he ought to do?  Obviously he’s not interested in what he ought to do, he’s only interested in what would be convenient to do on his terms.  Please notice that, lest you feel sorry.

 

This man will fool you; he has fooled many commentators of this book.  You can read commentator after commentator after commentator and they all at this time go to pieces; they think God is being harsh on Saul, too harsh on Saul; King Saul is in a jam, circumstances are compelling him at last to seek something beyond himself.  Don’t be fooled, this man isn’t softening up at all, he’s hardening his heart further because the kind of advice he wants is an autonomous advice; an autonomous advice that will not bow before God’s sovereign Word, before God’s decrees, before the absolute King of the universe.  He wants none of that advice; he does not want the advice on God’s terms.  He wants the advice on his terms. 

 

Now you don’t have to be in a situation of doing too much counseling before you realize both in your own heart and in others that ultimately when we’re in a jam we really want the solution on our terms, not God’s terms.  And therefore we’ll resist the authoritative Word of God; we’ll do everything we can to rebel against it, no matter how much it smarts, in order that we can save our pride.  Saul, here is engaged in a pride-saving situation.  He will not relinquish one thousandth of an inch of his pride; he must have this advice on his terms.  Samuel, later on, is going to point this out very much. 

 

But notice then, when he goes and he says “you divine unto me by the aob,” that is by your aob, by the aob, I am buying you woman for my services.  And that is the nature of this encounter, I buy your counsel, I come to you for your service, you give me your counsel, for my purposes.  That’s not somebody in repentance, that shows no sign of repentance whatsoever; that’s just somebody that wants a band aid to cover up a cancer, and they’re not about to bow their knee at all under God’s sovereign Word.  They do not want it.

 

Verse 8, “And Saul disguised himself,” and he said, I want to bring someone up, and I want you to bring up whom I shall name.  […”and he said, I pray thee, divine unto me as a medium, and bring me up, whom I shall name unto thee.’]  Look at the vast humility involved…  Is this the sign of a man of suffering?  Yes.  Is Saul in a jam?  Yes.  Is he in a very crucial jam?  Yes, Does he hurt deep in his soul?  Oh yes, very much.  Is Saul suffering mentally?  Oh yes, very much.  Is Saul depressed?  Yes.  Is Saul neurotic?  Yes.  Is Saul about to retreat from his pride?  No.  I want whomever I call, and I want the advice on my terms.  You see, you can hurt and be bleeding but you still will not retreat from pride. 

 

So in verse 9, “And the woman said unto him, Behold, you know what Saul has done, how he has cut off those who that have the aobs [by the familiar spirit/are the mediums],” the word for “familiar spirit” is aob, and aob is a demon who specializes in speaking from the ground.  Here’s the ground and he throws his voice; actually the demon is probably up here, but if you are in the vicinity, he throws his voice so it appears to come out of the ground, and the Septuagint translated this by the word which means ventriloquist; a ventriloquist is one who projects his voice and makes it appear like it comes from some place where it’s not really coming.  And so these aob demons impersonated voices from the ground; the dead are in sheol, the dead are under the surface of the ground, and so we hear this voice, and it’s like some of these new houses with no insulation, and you go on the second floor and you listen, you can hear everything that’s going on on the first floor.  This is the kind of effect that you have, the effect of the demon projecting his voice, kind of muffled as though it’s talking out of the ground, and it really is a demon speaking. 

 

And the demon can tell you things about the dead person that sound very empirically valid, because no one except the dead person and maybe a few living ones could know it.  And you wonder, how did the demon powers know this because it appears they have the power to ransack the mind of the dead in some way, we don’t know, but they do apparently have capabilities in this area. So the aob speaks forth, out of the ground, and the familiar spirit is one who is a knower, or that is, his own private spirit.  And so Saul has conducted a campaign, his administration has made it a point of eliminating these people, so at least they would lead the public to believe.

 

“Why, then, are you laying a snare for my life, to cause me to die? [10] And Saul swore to her by the LORD, saying, As the LORD lives, there shall no punishment happen to thee for this thing.”  Now at verse 10 you find Saul hardening his heart even more.  Here’s the mark of a truly desperate man, a man who again, with chaos in the heart, negative volition, he has darkened his heart, he has opened it up to the doctrines of demons or human viewpoint, he has gone on hatred toward God and all that God stands for, he is in a period of frustration.  That is Saul’s soul, those are the stages of deterioration.  And at this point he comes out with this.  What does this really mean?  Look at it again, it’s an oath, and what is the content of the oath, if you were to summarize it from the standpoint of God’s decrees.  It is a vow never to enforce the Word of God?  Isn’t that what it means?  Doesn’t the Word of God say that if you meet one of these people you’re to kill them with capital punishment?  Isn’t that what the word said in Deuteronomy 18?  Isn’t that what the Word of God said in Leviticus?  And what does Saul say?  Don’t worry woman, I vow to you I will disobey the Word of God in your case.  Is that the mark of a man who’s bleeding and repenting?  No, that’s the mark of a man who’s bleeding and continuing to rebel even more.  I vow, “as the LORD lives,” the most sacred vow that a Hebrew man could ever give, I vow woman I will not enforce the Word of God. 

 

Now it’s interesting that when you look at this you can say well, that’s pretty extreme.  But it’s been my experience that we can do these kind of things ourselves.  Do you know how you can do this yourself; you don’t have to say “as the Lord lives” I won’t do that.  But if you are aware of God calling you to do something, if you’re aware of, say, God’s quiet voice, the quiet urge and that’s the way the Holy Spirit works, He doesn’t speak with a loud speaker in stereo, He comes quietly.  But you know when He works; every man must know when the Holy Spirit calls because if you don’t then God could never judge you for missing it.  And I know from Scripture that God does judge us for missing it; so we can only conclude that when God the Holy Spirit speaks to us, no matter who you are, you know when God speaks.  Now having heard God’s urging and urging perhaps to get into the Word more than you are, and urging to carry something in prayer, some request, some petition that God the Holy Spirit wants you to pray…no, not now, I’ll do it later.  That sounds like a very harmless, very innocuous kind of rejection, after all, you know you’re busy, circumstances intervene, we can’t always be at God’s beck and call.  Well if we can’t, why do you suppose the Holy Spirit used that particular moment at that particular location to ask you do something, or to tell you to do something.  In fact, I don’t believe the Holy Spirit ever asks us to do anything; I believe when the voice of God speaks He always orders us to do something and I think that’s exactly our problem, we don’t like to be ordered.  It’s like certain people who want to be asked to do something rather than just spontaneously seeing a need and jumping in and taking care of the need.   We like to be asked because it flatters our pride to be asked, I’m considered worthy and I love to be asked to do something.  And that just simply caters to pride. 

 

Now how can we do what Saul’s doing at this point?  By simply postponing it for an hour, ultimately that’s doing the same thing.  If the God of the universe says I want you to get in the Word now, I want you to pray, I want you to do this, I want you to stop your worry and trust Me, I want you to relax about that problem because you are not trusting Me, I have written these promises to you, I have promised to take care of your every need and you are not believing Me, and I don’t like it.  Now that’s the voice of the Holy Spirit and that’s how He speaks, and if that thought, that urge, that impression on your soul, and always we can argue back because God respects our choice.  We can always argue back, no I can’t do it just now, I’ll do it tomorrow.  But every time you do this you’re rebelling; you’re rebelling as much as if you were to go out and commit the most flagrant sin that would be most offensive to you.  Think of a sin that would be most offensive to you, pick one or two and get it firmly in your mind, then compare that sin with the little (quote) “innocent” one of simply saying well, Holy Spirit, I’ll put it off until tomorrow, that’s not a sin is it? 

 

Now Samuel clarified this issue to Saul once before.  Turn to 1 Samuel 15:23 to refresh our minds.  Sin is deceitful, it’s hard to spot, especially if you don’t want to.  What did Samuel say to Saul in 1 Samuel 15:23?  He said, “Rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft and stubbornness,” or pushiness, “is as iniquity and idolatry.”  Knowing what you now know that you didn’t when we studied chapter 15, knowing what you now know of Saul’s administration, do you see Samuel’s point?  He’s saying Saul, look, over here on your self-righteous kick you have all these sins that to you are great major issues.  To you Saul, idolatry is intolerable, it’s awful, respectable people wouldn’t be caught doing that.  Occult involvement is awful, respectable people aren’t caught doing that.  But Samuel says Saul, look, from God’s scale your rebellion, your putting off His Word, is just as bad as that sin that you make a big federal case out of.  It’s just as bad. 

 

Now back to chapter 28 and see how his sin works.  After vowing in rebellion, vowing that he would not enforce this.  Now isn’t this interesting; look what happens to self-righteousness; it’s self-destructive, isn’t it.  What is the one sin that he doesn’t want to give up; what is the one sin that he wants to be known as a man who never committed it, a man whose administration cleaned this sin from the national slate.  And what does he do in the eleventh hour in depression? Commits the sin.  Why?  Because basically back here he has continued his rebellion; the soft, polite, courteous harmless appearing kind of rebellion that now shows itself for what it really is, and let’s see what Samuel has to say about it.

 

Verse 11, “Then said the women, Whom shall I bring up to thee?  And he said, Bring me up Samuel. [12] And the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice,” it says she screamed. “And the woman spoke to Saul, saying, Why have you deceived me?  For you are Saul.”  Now there’s a lot in verse 12 that happens.  Some things are happening very, very fast and the verse just records a few things that happens.  But there are four or five things that happen in rapid succession here so we have to go through this verse very carefully.  Down through the years of the church this verse has caused commentators many, many problems.  The early fathers, Martin Luther, John Calvin, all objected to the interpretation that Samuel actually came up from the dead.  Luther said this can’t be because the dead believers can’t be under the beck and call of demon powers, and therefore this must be a put-on. 

 

But we’re going to point out that this is real in this case because God in His sovereignty brought Samuel forward, and it has to do with this first verb.  “When the woman saw Samuel,” now Saul did not see Samuel; whatever form Samuel is in, only the woman sees him. We have no evidence that Saul at any point in this text actually sees Samuel. The woman sees him alone; she’s in a trance and all of a sudden she sees and she beholds Samuel.  Now why should that cause her to scream out?  Apparently it causes her to scream out because this is something unusual, something happened this time that never happened before.  This woman had her signs out for people to come by and have divinations, and every time before when people came by there would be a voice that would speak, and the woman would hear the voice from the ground but she never saw anything like this before.  Something unusual has happened. 

 

Now that little point teaches you something.  The thing that Luther struggled with, the thing that Calvin struggled with, the things the early fathers struggled with, is that you cannot speak with the dead.  And this actually is a verse that enforces that belief, not destroys it.  Why?  Because the very idea of a person coming up from the dead really shocked even this woman.  Why would she be shocked if it were a routine thing for the dead actually, and really and truly, to appear.  The only explanation we have of why the woman was shocked is simply because this was unusual and therefore it teaches us something very interesting.  The attempt to contact the dead are attempts basically to encounter the demon forces; they are solicitations to the demon forces and always are demon forces.  Any attempt to speak with the dead is to invite contact with the powers of darkness who impersonate the dead.

 

Now when the woman sees, literally sees Samuel coming up out of the ground, she screams; she has never, as a practicing necromancer, she has never seen this before.  This is something altogether new.  So “the woman saw Samuel and she screamed out with a loud voice.  And the woman spoke to Saul, saying, Why have you deceived me? For you are Saul.”  Now how does she make the connection between seeing Samuel come up out of the ground and turning and saying “You’re Saul.”  Two suggestions are possible here.  The reason I stop here is because some of you may be in translations where this verse is retranslated and they’ve got different names in here, they’ve got Saul and Samuel different; there is alternate readings.  And they brought about and try to understand how could she get to Saul here from seeing Samuel. 

The answer, I think, is two-fold.  First of all, to whom was Samuel a key advisor?  Obviously King Saul.  But another way, if Henry Kissinger were to come from the dead you’d think of Richard Nixon.  In other words, the point is that this man Samuel is known as his advisory capacity to King Saul, he’s identified; the two are strongly identified men.  The second though, and to me a more logical explanation is that she’s clairvoyant; under the trance and in contact with demon powers she has the capacity to read people’s minds in a partial way.  Now there’s limitations on this, but certain minds under certain conditions can be read and that can be proven.  So in this point she is clairvoyant, she understands Saul and this is why she really is screaming. She’s screaming for two reasons: screaming because of the unusualness of this thing and screaming in terror that the king, who is known in his administration for doing away with this kind of thing is right there before her.

 

Verse 13, “And the king said unto her, Be not afraid; for what did you see?”  That shows you that Saul is not looking at Samuel; Samuel appears invisible to all except the woman; she alone sees him.  “And the woman said unto Saul, I saw gods ascending out of the earth.”  Now that’s what scared her; let’s look at the word “gods.”  Elohim, the “im” ending in the Hebrew is a plural ending, this is why Elohim allows for the Trinity; it’s the word for God as well as the word for gods, plural.  Now she says “I saw gods ascending out of the earth,” and the word ascending is a participle, and as this woman sits there, probably in some kind of a trance, Saul says what do you see, what do you see, and she says “I see the gods coming up out of the earth,” and she uses the participle meaning that right when she’s responding back to Saul the gods are in the process of coming up out of the ground.  This should also tell you, incidentally, that the Bible is quite serious when it locates Sheol under the earth. 

 

And so she sees the gods coming up.  Now are these plural?  Well, that doesn’t fit, if you take a plural interpretation what do you do in verse 14 when Saul replies and he said unto her, “What form is he” singular “of?”  So obviously in this case the Elohim can’t mean gods, it must mean God; but does it mean the God of Israel?  No.  The word “God” is used in the ancient world for the God of Israel, for the pagan deities, for the idols, even sometimes for men who are kings.  So the word “God” has to be defined in the context.  In this case, she sees something that she has never seen before.  Maybe in all her workings with the occultic she has seen demon forces but she has never seen anything like this, so she uses Elohim to convey there’s something terrifying, something is out of control, to which we might just append a footnote. 

 

Whenever you work with any part of the creation, whether it’s in the occult, the demonic, whether it’s in the physical forces and you don’t use special revelation, you don’t let your mind be submissive to God’s instructions in His Word on how to use the creation He’s made, you are dealing with something you can’t control; you are dealing with something that’s basically out of control. And don’t ever try to manipulate history and the creation to suit your needs, because sooner or later you’re going to find you’re dealing with something beyond your control.  You think you can build your life by carefully planning everything.  Oh no, sooner or later God will break into your life in some way that will teach you that you do not have control; only He has control over the circumstances of your life.  Playing with the occultic powers and the magic forces as many young people are doing, you are tampering with something that is tremendously threatening and very, very dangerous indeed.  So she admits that something has completely gone haywire.

Verse 14, “And he said unto her, What form is he of?” Describe him, see, Saul still doesn’t see Samuel.  “And she said, An old man is coming up, and he covers himself with a mantle.” Now incidentally, that shows you something else about the dead.  Are they recognizable apart from their body?  Yes, the Mount of Transfiguration, Elijah and Moses didn’t have their resurrection bodies but they were identifiable.  Samuel here does not have his resurrection body but he is identifiable.  What are we to make of this?  That somehow when the spirit and soul leave the body they take on a corporeal form, they are identifiable, and Samuel in this form is identifiable.  And he comes up and he has the mantle.  Now why do you suppose the mantle is on.  The Holy Spirit is very, very efficient in His use of words.  He could have used eight different paragraphs to explain this, He only picks out a few details, and one of those is the mantle.  Should that ring a bell with Saul? 

 

The mantle; what does the mantle of Samuel mean.  Well, first it meant it was his badge of authority, as a prophet he wore the mantle that only a prophet could wear.  Remember the Elijah and Elisha story, how Elisha wanted the mantle of Elijah.  Why did he want it?  It was the badge of authority and only a prophet could wear it.  But there’s something peculiar about this mantle.  It doesn’t say in the text, but a thought like this must have run through Saul’s mind.  He must have wanted to ask another question of the woman when she said, he’s an old man and he’s wrapping a mantle around.  Saul must have wanted to ask her, see lady, if part of the mantle is torn? 

 

[tape turns; “And Saul perceived that it was Samuel, and he stooped with his face to the ground, and bowed himself.”]  That might signify that at last the man has seen the light, at last he’s retreating from his autonomy; at last he’s going to abandon his pride in the face of the pressure.  Let’s see, verse 15, “ And Samuel said to Saul, Why have you disquieted me, to bring me up?”  And the word “disquieted” is another thing that tells about the intermediate state of the dead, at least in the Old Testament dispensation.  It is the word that was used to wake from sleep, when somebody wakes you, what’d you get me up for.  That’s the same word that’s used here, Why did you wake me up; I was sleeping soundly, why did you wake me? 

 

So that verse apparently teaches that the intermediary state, and by intermediate state we mean this, from the time you die until the time you’re rejoined with a resurrection body, we call that the intermediate state; very little in Scripture is said about the intermediate state and there’s a great deal of discussion about it.  All we know in the New Testament is to be absent from the body is to be face to face with the Lord.  But to what degree of perception we have in the intermediate state we do not know.  Often times at funeral situations I’m asked, do you suppose so and so can see, and there’s no Scripture, certain Scriptural principles can be applied but no direct Scripture.  All right, Samuel says that he’s been disquieted, he’s been woken up.  And it would seem to teach that in the Old Testament the intermediate state was simply like sleep.  It was simply a time of unconsciousness. 

 

“And Saul answered, I am very much distressed; for the Philistines make war against me, and God is departed from me and answers me no more, neither by prophets, nor by dreams; therefore, I have called thee, that thou mayest make know unto me what I shall do.”  We could translate it “what I ought to do.”  Now let’s look at what Saul says.  This is a biography, a painful biography of a man under tremendous pressure. What you are looking at in verse 15 is no different from a person who would be, we would call it in our society today, is seriously mentally ill.  No different from that, no different whatsoever.  Look what happens; he says “I am sore distressed,” so point 1, let’s list some of these observations of how Saul appears when he comes to Samuel. 

 

The first thing is that he admits that he was suffering; he does admit that he’s suffering, he says it’s awful, it’s awful here.  And this basically is category three type suffering, though he doesn’t see it as that.  The point is that there was an admission of suffering.  What else do we notice in what Saul says “for the Philistines are making war upon me,” in other words, there is some perception of circumstances.  There’s some perception, there are some bad circumstances.  There’s an admission of suffering, it’s because of this situation in my life.  And then the usual, and this is always characteristic of compound carnality—God has departed from me.  Now that’s more than a statement; what it is, it’s blame, you see, one of the reasons why I’m at the end of my rope, Saul would say, is that God has left me, God’s promises don’t work Samuel, I learned all those promises, you taught me all those promises but I’ve been applying them and they don’t work.  God has left me, God hates me, God has become enemy, feel sorry for me Samuel.  So the third characteristic of compound carnality is always blaming God.  It is God’s fault, not mine, God’s fault, “God has departed from me.”  The word “departed” is perfect, which means that He has departed decisively, “and He answers me no more,” therefore, and this is the fourth characteristic, therefore, says Saul, “I have come to ask of you what I ought to do.”  And the fourth characteristic is a demand for human viewpoint, more of it, a demand for advice that will protect my pride; I am not going to surrender to God, I don’t care if He has abandoned me, I don’t care if I can’t get an answer, you give me advice that I can sympathize with my own pride and my own autonomy. That’s the advice I want Samuel.

 

And Samuel sees this, and so that’s why in verse 16 what appears to all the critics as to be a very harsh, cold-blooded answer.  Not at all.  “Then said Samuel, Wherefore, then, do you ask of me, seeing the LORD is departed from thee, and is become thine enemy?”  What are you coming to me for?  What am I?  I’m a nabiim, I’m a prophet of Yahweh, I give advice only on the divine viewpoint principle, don’t ask me for human viewpoint advice, don’t ask me for counsel that is going to insulate your pride.  Don’t come to me and ask me for something that you can use for your purposes; the only kind of advice you’re going to get from me, Saul, is advice that’s going to reach down into the depths of your heart and altar your life 180 decrees, that’s the only advice I’m in the business of giving, and if you don’t want that, go see your friendly psychiatrist, he’s a specialist in giving human viewpoint advice.  He’ll make you feel sorry because your mother dropped you on your head when you were a baby.  He’ll give you 25 explanations of why you’re having a problem that you haven’t heard of or thought of yet.  Moreover it’s only $50 an hour to be told human viewpoint.  So in this case Samuel cuts off all counsel.  The counsel given by the prophet is a counsel given that recognizes one principle, submission to God’s authoritative Word, totally and completely, no matter how much it hurts.  That is the only advice given.  So he says I am not going to do it, why do you come to me, if God has departed from you and become your enemy.

 

And then in verse 17-18 he goes back once again; this is the advice that Samuel is going to give to cut down the pride.  “And the LORD has done to him,” now the little word “him” is one that’s fought over, and this is just a little note to show you something, how one word will tell you a lot about a text.  See, that doesn’t seem to fit, does it, when you read the King James, “the LORD has done to him, as he spoke by me; for the LORD has rent the kingdom out of your hand,” doesn’t that “him” sound out of place?  And sure enough down through history there has been people that want to amend the text.  But I don’t think it ought to be amended.  I think what’s happened is that you’ve got a mixture here; Samuel isn’t talking directly to Saul, he’s talking to the woman, and then you have a mix here in the translation in that what you have narrated is part what he told the woman and part how the woman was narrating it back to Saul.  So “And the LORD has done to him, as He spoke by me,” that’s what Samuel says to the woman, and then the woman relays that on and she would relay it, the Lord has done unto you as He has spoken by the prophet Samuel.  And then Samuel would say, for the Lord has “rent the kingdom out of his hand,” and the woman would say the Lord has rent the kingdom out of your hand.  And Samuel would say “and He’s given it to thy his neighbor, to David,” tell him that, and so the woman would turn and say he has given it to your neighbor, David.  Now that’s nothing but a rehash of the judgment of chapter 15. 

 

Verse 18, “Because you obeyed not the voice of the LORD, nor executed his fierce wrath upon Amalek. Therefore has the LORD done this thing unto you this day.”  Now in verse 19 the sentence of doom; the decree at last is coming to pass.  Now please notice this lest you go off into some deterministic hyper-Calvinist frame of reference.  Is this a decree that had to come to pass.  Yes.  It was given in 1 Samuel 15. Was there any hope of Saul stalling it off?  No, because it was pronounced as sovereign in 1 Samuel 15.  Then isn’t this cut over and cut across and destroy the volition of Saul.  No, because as a matter of fact since chapter 15 on down to chapter 28 how has Saul, in fact, responded to situation after situation after situation after situation?  Have you noticed any change in his behavior?  Have you noticed any change whatever in Saul’s behavior during this time.  So far we have studied 13 chapters—13 chapters!  Have you noticed any change in Saul’s volition?  None.  All right then, is Saul being twisted, is he having his arm broken by God’s sovereign decree.  No, God’s sovereign decree is big enough to encompass volition. That’s the mystery of the whole thing.  How it works nobody knows; all we know is the Bible says that’s the way it is, God sovereignly says and this is the decree. 

 

So in verse 19 he gets this word of doom, “Moreover, the LORD will also deliver Israel with thee into the hand of the Philistines, and tomorrow shall you and your sons be with me.”  By the way, that shows that Saul was a believer, just to correct some people that say oh, no believer could do this.  Oh yes he could.  “The LORD also shall deliver the army [host] of Israel into the hand of the Philistines.” 

 

Now verse 20, here’s what happened to the man who wants to protect his pride.  “Then Saul fell straightway all along [immediately full length],” now you see that “all along, that is here by the King James translators to translate the Hebrew word for height, see Saul, his height on the ground.  What do you remember about Saul’s height?  He was head and shoulders above every man in Israel, and the commentator is looking at this, what a tragic sight, a man who looks so great, a  man who had it all going for him, a man who was head and shoulders above everybody else, and look at him.  All it means now is he takes a few more square feet of earth when he lies down, that’s all.  So he lies prostrate.  When was the last time we saw him prostate?  When he was nude in Samuel’s seminary, blabbering his mouth off like some idiot, which went on day and night until somebody stopped.  Remember how the Holy Spirit worked this proud team down.  Where is the proud team now?  On the earth.  “…on the earth, and was sore [very much] afraid,” and the word “sore afraid” means tremendous… he’s on the verge of what we could call catatonic schizophrenia at this point, it’s almost a total withdrawal.  People have been known to do this; people who face certain things, when my wife was in psychiatric nursing she saw this, a young woman just decided to tune out reality so she did, she had to be fed intravenously.  You can shout at them, do anything, they’ve retreated; it is possible for a human being to do this. 

 

Now look what happens, you saw his whole height on the earth, he was sore afraid, this means he’s desperate, “and there was no strength in him,” that is both mental and physical at this point.  Now you would think certainly Saul, how much do you need, you’ve had Samuel telling you this again, why does this guy keep doing this?  He would rather commit suicide at this point, he would rather become schizo than just bow his knee and surrender his pride to God’s sovereign grace.  Look at the hardness, look at the suffering, look at the horror that he is not willing to give up because if he did he’d have to give up his pride.  Do you see how deceitful the heart is.  Now the demon powers are operating here but don’t blame them.  They just amplify what his flesh is doing and his flesh simply loves itself. And even though the flesh is being beaten, even though the flesh is pained to the extreme, when you have a person doubled up like this on the ground, refusing to eat, because you see this at the end of verse 20, “and there was no strength in him; for he had eaten no bread all the day, nor all the night.”  He refused to eat, that’s a symptom; he refuses to eat, he’s going to starve himself to death, but he is not going to retreat from that last bastion of pride.  That will not go, and God says oh yes it will, that will go, because I have decreed that you will be rendered into moral conformity with my son, Jesus Christ.  And that pride has to go and is going to go.  What you see Saul doing in verse 20 is nothing but what you see a little kid do when we call it a tantrum.  That’s nothing but what it is, it’s a tantrum against God.  It’s absolute frustration.

 

So in verse 21, “And the woman came unto Saul, and saw that he was very much troubled, and said unto him, Behold, thine handmaid has obeyed thy voice, and I have put my life in my hand, and have hearkened unto thy words with thou did speak unto me. [22] Now, therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thine handmaid, and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat, that you may have strength, when you go on your way.”  Verse 22 should also warn you about something else.  If you read the text here it suddenly should begin to dawn on you a hard, hard, hard heart Saul has.  And you already know what God’s evaluation of this woman.  You begin to think they are completely without any (quote) “good.”  Not a tall, here is good, isn’t it?  Isn’t it good what she’s doing?  Yes.  Is it given out of an apostate motive?  Yes.  Therefore what kind of good is this?  Human good.  And so one sinner is just helping another sinner rebel in peace, and that’s all that human good does, it is just sinners helping each other rebel more comfortably that they would if they didn’t give each other the aid.  Remember that about human good, it’s main function is to allow us to rebel with comfort but not to change our heart.

 

Verse 23, “But he refused, and said, I will not eat.” Meanwhile he’s still lying on the ground, because he doesn’t get up off the ground until the last of verse 23, that’s when he finally gets up, and the text would indicate this goes on and on; apparently this is a process of time, although it consumes only three verses in the text it probably consumed many, many hours.  Here is the King of Israel before a great battle, one woman and two guys, hey, get up, we’ve got a battle out there, we’ve got eight or nine thousand men on the hill, the Philistines are in the valley of Jezreel and the nation Israel is waiting on you, and he’s throwing his tantrum on the floor. 

 

Verse 24, “And the woman had a fat calf in the house; and she hastened, and killed it, and took flour, and kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread of it; [25] And she brought it before Saul, and before his servants, and they did eat.  Then they rose up, and went away that night.” 

 

Notice how in Scripture that “going off into the night” is always there.  Remember another familiar refrain in the New Testament, after Jesus hands the sop to Judas Iscariot, so do your work, and Judas walks out into the night. That phrase is just there to show there’s no repentance, there’s no change.  Has there been emotion in the passage?  Yes.  Has there been tears in the passage?  Yes.  Has there been all sorts of demonstrations physically in the passage?  Yes.  What’s lacking?  A change of heart; is Saul’s destiny going to change?  No, no change of heart.  With our heads bowed.