1 Samuel Lesson 44

Another Deliverance from Treachery – 1 Samuel 26

 

Continuing our study of David and to see where we are in his life we ought to look at some of the sequence of ideas in these chapters.  From 1 Samuel 16 to 1 Samuel 1 you have the overall theme of Saul decreases, David increases.  You have a transition from one monarchy to another which in Ancient Near Eastern history is generally accompanied by assassination, murder, and all sorts of political intrigue.  Chapters 21-27 deals with a period of persecution in David’s life.  During these chapters most of the Psalms were written.  The Psalms that you feel empathy with, you can join in them, you can use them because David’s situation in real history is similar to our situation.  David at this point was not king; he had to wait until God, under His sovereign plan, gave him the throne.  Until such time Saul was in charge, and this is a type of the believer living in Satan’s world.  And you have Saul as a compound carnal Christian, demon afflicted, and you find him persecuting David during this phase.  It actually is a satanic persecution of David. 

 

Now the chapters run in sort of a strange sequence.  Chapters 21-22 deal with a sin that David did, the sin of hastiness; remember he got in trouble at Nob and wound up getting the entire city massacred.  So you find David humbled by the sin of hastiness.  David is learning during this persecution phase in his life.  And this was an error that David made, a sin and God delivered him out of it.  The second section, chapters 23-24 is David’s deliverance from treachery.  This wasn’t a mistake of David’s, this was simply an overpowering circumstance that he faced.  Chapters 21-22 is a mistake, or a sin, and chapters 23-24 deal with an overpowering situation; both are obstacles and God delivers David from them.  Then in chapter 25 he’s humbled by a woman, because he’s out of it and it took one of the most wonderful women in all of God’s Word to straighten him out.  And she did so without once losing her femininity.  Then in chapter 26 we have the situation, we go to another kind of thing, it’s not David’s mistake, this is just an overpowering circumstance, a pressure in his life as a believer.  Then finally 27 he makes another mistake. 

 

And the theme alternating back and forth between mistake or sin and circumstance, sin and pressure, sin and distress is just simply the old familiar refrain of phase two, the familiar every day life of the believer.  And David is learning all the while that he is going to gain his throne in the most unique way in history that any king has ever gained his throne.  No king in the ancient world gains his throne quite like David gained his.  You can read the annuls of Sennacherib, you can read ancient history and you’ll always see how they attained it, either through gimmicks, pressure of some political device.  But David gained his throne strictly by grace; grace all the way.  David did not earn it, David did not deserve it.  David made many mistakes on the way to the throne.  David sinned on the way to the throne and God got him there anyway because this is sin that God is teaching him with and also with the overpowering.  David encounters both sin and pressure, just as we encounter sin and pressure, and our errors and rebellions against God are graciously dealt with on our way to being conformed to the image of Christ, and also the pressures that we face, the obstacles that we face are overpowered in a similar way.

 

If you see these chapters correctly, you should be able to read the Psalms correctly.  The Psalms fit in between these two chapters, 21-27, they’re bracketed by those, most of the Psalms.  And so why these Psalms appear so helpful to you, why you gain so much by reviewing, why you should be memorizing the Psalms.  So you have this kind of situation where the Scriptures are being memorized within a historic context.  This is what you want to aim for in your Christian life.  No matter how much doctrine you know, no matter how many doctrinal categories you know, it’s most interesting to realize that it’s the memory of the Word of God, the text of the Word of God that you can use to fall back on in times of crises. 

 

Verse 1 of chapter 26, the incident with treachery again.  “And the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before Jeshimon?”  Now the Ziphites are a group of troublemakers; the Ziphites are a group of Judeans, they were members of Israel, they were members of the common wealth.  In 24:1 you see what the Ziphites do. Saul chased after the Philistines, when he came back, who was it that reminded him about David?  The Ziphites.  In 23:19 who is it that originally started Saul persecuting David?  It was the Ziphites; the Ziphites are troublemakers, they are probably believers and troublemaking believers.  And the mark of these kinds of people is that they’ve always got their little campaign going, their pitch started and they’re always trying to oppose the work of the Holy Spirit in someone’s life.  And they are actually afraid of David and so the only way you can put down someone you’re afraid of is to try to knife them in the back, and David is systematically being the victim of these attacks from the Ziphites.

 

“And the Ziphites came unto Saul,” and they reminded him, this is the third time these characters came up, and they say, “Does not David hide himself,” except in the original language it’s a Hebrew participle and it means that David is now hiding himself.  It’s a participle which conveys vividness, in other words, look Saul, while you’re sitting around here, guess what David’s doing.  He’s hiding himself down in the south.  The Ziphites come back to report to Saul, who’s up here, and they say now look Saul, how about coming down and eliminating this character.

 

So verse 2, like a good compound carnal believer he does.  “Then Saul arose, and went down to the wilderness of Ziph, having three thousand chosen men of Israel with him, to seek David in the wilderness.”  Now there are several things to notice about this.  First, I want you to notice how Saul, as a compound carnal believer, is unstable.  We learned the lesson once in chapters 24-25, when people come running to him with some sort of story cooked up, he goes for it.  In other words, he takes advice before he goes to the Word.  Advice means more precious to a compound carnal Christian than the Word is.  And these kinds of people will always fall for the stupidest pieces of advice imaginable, they will just bite any advice that’s given at the spur of the moment, never bothering to consult the Scriptures to find out whether it’s true or false. 

 

So the second point, besides watching how a compound carnal believer  responds to advice is to discuss the problem of the doublet.  We have to pause here because some of you are going to take religions course, some will be reading in some API or UPI religious dispatch in the paper someday and you’re going to see this, so hang on and fins out what it’s all about.  The liberal critics of Scripture will take a passage, like what we are studying, chapter 26 and they’ll say look, compare 26 with 24 and it’s basically the same story all over again, and what they, the liberal, means by a doublet is the fact that you have one event that has been reported contradictory through two different traditions; so you have the first version and you have the second version.  And this issues in Scripture as a doublet; in other words, you’ll find two passages of Scripture that are similar, but they’ll say this is due to one event reported erroneously through two different lined of tradition.  And this will be held a doublet.  The most famous doublet of all is Genesis 1 and 2, the two supposedly different counts of creation.  You can’t take a religions course or listen to any kind of a liberal clergyman today without hearing this, that there are two contradictory accounts of creation.  Now that’s not true, they say it’s one event reported through two different traditions. 

 

Why does the liberal do this.  The liberal operates on human viewpoint; human viewpoint starts out with negative volition and this negative volition manifests hostility toward both general and special revelation.  And the thing the liberal cannot stand is to be reminded of the God of the Bible’s existence.  They will take about a God, but not the God of the Scriptures; all sorts of gods will be allowed to exist, except the God of the Scripture.  That is the one God they are sure can’t exist, and He is therefore excluded from the discussion at the very beginning.  And the thing that reminds them of the God of the Bible is the fact that history has parallel types and connections in it; in other words, every event of history is not something separated from itself, but history has a story to it; history has a flow to it, history has continuity; prophecy is made, prophecy is fulfilled.  In other words, history reveals the sovereignty God, and the God of the Bible demands absolute sovereignty. 

 

And so when the critic faces two different events in history that look the same, they can’t be two different events, they’ve got to just be one, you can’t have history with that kind of a similarity to it, with that kind of a pattern to it; you’ve got to get rid of the parallels, you’ve got to get rid of all these things and make history just one sequence of chance events, because if you don’t, then history is going to bear testimony to the sovereignty of the God of the Bible, who the liberals claimed at the beginning can’t exist.  And since this God of the Bible can’t exist His sovereignty can’t exist, and therefore, since His sovereignty can’t exist, we’ll eliminate all the evidence for His sovereignty, so we’ll be sure it can’t be there.  And this is what leads them when they come across these two kinds of situations to hypothesize the doublet explanation, in order to smooth out these things, that there’s no pattern, no rhyme, no reason to history, when we do see reason in history we’ve got to explain it away, and we explain it away by these doublets.  That’s one of the many things in the bag of tricks, but the doublet explanation has been used and used again. 

 

Verse 3, Saul does a very stupid thing militarily. “And Saul encamped in the hill of Hachilah, which is before Jeshimon, by the way.  But David abode in the wilderness, and he saw that Saul came after him into the wilderness.”  Now this shows you a most interesting about a compound carnal believer, in compound carnality we start out with a conscience; the mind rebels against the conscience so the mind rejects the norms and standards of the conscience and you have a mental revolt that begins in the person.  And of course as this begins you get the influx of human viewpoint.  But that doesn’t stop, that is not the end of the process.  The next thing that happens is you begin to have an emotional revolt, where the emotions rebel against the mind, and so the emotions are no longer in control, they no longer appreciate things that you can think of, they want to sort of go off on their own. 

 

Now when we come to a passage like this we’re going to watch how God takes this whole mess, this is what Saul’s soul looks like, he’s in compound carnality, his emotions are rebelling against his mind, his mind is rebelling against his conscience.  Now in this state of affairs, this places a believer in a most interesting and most vulnerable position.  Since Saul is in this situation he is now open to a certain kind of deception and now God, apparently through demonic agency, is going to deceive Saul into making a militarily disastrous decision.  Let’s see what happens.

Verse 4, “David, therefore, sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come in very deed.  [5] And David arose, and came to the place where Saul had pitched [encamped].  And David beheld the place where Saul lay, and Abner, the son of Ner, the captain of his host; and Saul lay in the trench, and the people encamped around him.”  Now verse 5 indicates a very stupid thing has happened.  There are no guards at the camp, absolutely no guards.  He has moved three thousand men into enemy territory, and he doesn’t know where David is, David could be anywhere, David has a reputation for being one of the trickiest military leaders of his day, and faced with this kind of a situation what do we have?  No guard, brilliant move, absolutely brilliant.  So everybody is sacked out, and David’s spies report back, this thing is a pushover David, just walk right in there, everybody is sound asleep. 

 

So David considers this is the time to pay his respects and verse 6, “Then answered David and said to Ahimelech, the Hittite, and to Abishai, the son of Zeruiah, brother to Joab,” by the way, notice in verse 6 the thing that is preparing you for the future and life of David, Joab is introduced here.  This is part of that Adullam cave group.  Remember David began his army with four hundred men in answer to Psalm 142.  And these four hundred men are going to become a tremendous group of warriors; at least ten become generals by the end of their lives, but these men have now become six hundred men, and out of this you have men like Joab, men like this man who is his brother and so on, great military men that are going to play a great role in the history of their nation, but here’s an introduction to another great man, the brother of Joab; Joab at one time will become the commander in chief of David’s armies.  So he says, “saying, Who will go down with me to Saul to the camp?  And Abishai said, I will go with you.” 

 

Verse 7, “So David and Abishai came to the people by night; and, behold, Saul lay sleeping within the trench,” this is another vivid participle, it indicates that this is going on in front of their eyes and it shows emphasis by the Holy Spirit as he wrote the text that this point has to be observed, there’s something abnormal in the way this military camp looks, and the Holy Spirit is pointing this out the second time now.   There’s something abnormal with this thing.  “Saul lay sleeping in the trench, and his spear stuck to the ground at his head; but Abner and the people lay round about him.” 

 

Verse 8, “Then said Abishai to David, God has delivered thine enemy into thine hand this day,” now it seems like we’ve heard that one before, in 24:4-5, here you have once again the picture of the opposite of David, let’s get these two men clearly in mind, Saul and David.  Saul was the self-righteous clod who would have been accepted in practically any church you would name.  He had wealth, he had dignity, education, he had every qualification, in face he was even moral.  So Saul had everything that would have pleased the average church crowd. David would not have pleased the average church crowd, he had a heart for God, and furthermore besides that David was not moral, David did things that the average church crowd would turn their nose up and David would probably not be okayed for membership but Saul would get in any time.  And that’s what wrong with most of our churches, we are loaded with Saul’s and all the David’s are on the outside. 

 

But David, in this situation is faced with advice.  Saul was faced with advice, and look at the difference.  This advice came to David in chapter 24 when all of his men let’s kill Saul now, this was the cave incident, and just for those of you who have challenged me on this, this is not sleeping, somebody went out and said the Hebrew says he was sleeping.  Anybody that knows Hebrew knows what this is all about and any good, decent modern translation will tell you what chapter 24 is about, and I’ll be glad to meet whoever your authority is at any point, any place and we’ll present our evidences.  You know what Saul is doing and I don’t have to go through all of the gory details.  This is just another event in the life of Saul that shows you God’s sense of humor.  The trouble with some of you is you don’t think God has a sense of humor, you can’t stand to laugh.  God is a relaxed God at times and He has a sense of humor, and all the times, from the hemorrhoid incident of chapter 4 on up through the cave incident of chapter 24, God has a sense of humor, and that is what 1 Samuel is all about.  So you just missed the point of the book.

 

So David has advice, and David’s advice comes out of human viewpoint.  Saul’s advice comes out of human viewpoint, and which one is the sucker?  Saul is the sucker; he takes it, and David has the coolness to in the pressure situation when emotionally it must have been awfully tempting… why has the Holy Spirit pointed this whole thing out to us, why has the Holy Spirit gone to all these points of saying see, there’s no opposition, Saul is laying there, a perfect opportunity, just perfect opportunity to do something, just absolutely perfect.  And why is that built up to suspense?  To make this temptation, that we now see, strong.  Verse 8 has to be set in the context.  Think of all the pressure, all the guff that David has put up with, all of this thing that has been going on for months and months and months, and here in verse 8 he has the opportunity to do something.  He is just inches from doing something about it, and that’s why in verse 8 Abishai says to him, “God has delivered thine enemy into thine hand this day,” in other words, David, let’s be divinely guided by circumstances.  God has given us an open door, so let’s walk through it.

 

Now if you are the type of believer that is guided by circumstances alone you’re going to walk through a door someday and there’s going to be no floor on the other side, oops, what a surprise. That’s because you used circumstances alone.  Satan can open all sorts of doors, he’s been doing it since Eve.  So therefore don’t consider circumstances apart from the Word of God, and David doesn’t and he doesn’t buy this.  But the line that begins in verse 8 is a pitch to go on the basis of circumstances ,circumstances prevail over everything.  “…now, therefore, let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear even to the earth at once, and I will not smite him the second time.”  Do you know what that’s talking about, I’m going to get him on the first time, you don’t have to worry David, I’ll do it, you don’t even have to do it with your hands.  Now why did Abishai say that?  Because the word’s gotten around, he had him in the cave and he didn’t do anything about it.  So the men, apparently through this phrase interpreted that David just has a little block here, there’s something about Saul that just blocks… they still don’t see the big picture, so every time David gets in a situation like this he muffs it, and so this is why Abishai says David, you don’t have to do anything, I’ll do it and you won’t have to do it a second time, I won’t have to do it a second time, I’ll squish him right here with one good one. 

 

So verse 9, David cuts off this human viewpoint advice, “David said to Abishai, Destroy him not; for who can stretch forth his hand against the LORD’s mashach [anointed],” messiah, now here’s the greatness of this guy David.  Faced with the pressure, it would be so easy to buy this human viewpoint advice, beautiful open door, your best friend giving you the advice, see, isn’t the second principle of divine institution, listen to what the other believers say.  All right he is, but he’s not listening to what the Lord says and David does, and David considers the office of the messiah and he is not going to desecrate that office, he cannot stand the incumbent of the office, but he has respect for the authority of the office.

Now that is a lesson that comes the hard way. Those of you who have not had military experience, I don’t know where you’ll learn that kind of a lesson but you can learn it in business or in the family is actually where you should have learned it in the first place.  You may not like what your father and your mother do; you may not like the things they tell you to do but as long as you are in their house you respect their authority, period.  And if you’re so hot that you can’t stand what your parents tell you, get out; make it in your own.  That’s the way the Word of God handles the family problem.  But while you are in the home you are under the authority of the father, delegated often through the wife, but generally the father is the authoritarian.  And this is the office, father is not a personal name, mother is not a personal name, those are labels for offices.  And so when your father tells you to do something, he has his own personal name but that’s not the issue, he talks to you as your father, and that’s the office.  That’s the same thing in the church with the word elder, with the word deacon, these are names of offices, and you may not like who’s in the office but you’d better respect the office or you’re going to be in trouble.

 

Same here, David respects the office, and that’s why he elevates this thing. Saul is a creep if there every was one; if there ever was a believer that ought to have been murdered it is Saul, but because of his office, David will not.  In fact, the Hebrew is very strong here, it says “for who has stretched forth his hand against the Lord’s anointed, and is now guiltless?”  It’s a very vivid portrayal; if I had done this could I be guiltless at this point? 

 

Verse 10, “David said furthermore, As the LORD lives,” now this is how David reconciled the problem and verse 10 tells you how David settled this in his mind.  Now obviously if you’re a believer and you’re in a pressure situation… you’re in the top circle, that is your relationship, the bottom circle is your temporal relationship at any given moment, either in fellowship or out of fellowship.  You may face a pressure that keeps putting you out of fellowship, and you’ve got to come up with some way of handling that pressure situation.  And the Word of God gives you all the answers, you’ve just got to be persistent enough before the Lord to find them.  All right, how did David stay in fellowship under this kind of pressure. Verse 10 tells you what he thought, how he thought it up. 

 

First, before you get to verse 10, understand the promise of 1 Samuel to David, given by Samuel to David that the throne will go to David.  Now that is a sovereign promise, that’s equivalent to your top circle.  That is a sovereign promise, the throne will go to David.  But David has to be occupied with that promise on a moment by moment basis.  Now he faces a threat.  All during this persecution phase what has it been?  It has been a trial to build his faith, it’s God’s grace working in his life to build trust in that promise.  And David, therefore, in verse 10, has three possibilities in his mind.  He says now look, actually there are four possibilities; I can kill Saul, that’ll solve the problem, but that’s not the Lord’s way, that desecrates the office and it also is salvation by works. 

 

So David says there are only three possibilities left, first, “the LORD shall smite him,” this refers to a supernaturally executed death, that’s one possibility, Ananias and Sapphira of Acts 5, that would be an illustration of the Lord smiting somebody, “or his day shall come to die;” the second possibility is natural death, that is not a supernatural death, that is a natural death, or three, “or he shall descend into battle, and perish,” that is what we would call an accidental death.  So whether it’s a supernatural death, a natural death, or an accidental death, the point is that God will take care of it.

Verse 11, “The LORD forbid that I should stretch forth mine hand against the LORD’s anointed; but, I pray thee, take thou now the spear that is at his head, and the cruse of water, and let us go,” let’s take his spear and his cruse of water.  Verse 12, “So David took the spear and the cruse of water from Saul’s bolster [head]; and they got away, and no man saw it, nor knew it, neither awakened,” and here you have an explanation of why, at the bottom of verse 10, “for they were all asleep, because a deep sleep from the LORD was fallen upon them.”  That word “deep sleep” is a special word and it means that God has so moved in this camp that He just put everybody out, it was divine anesthesia, a beautiful situation.  God has a tremendous anesthesia; God used it with Adam when he operated on him; Adam was operated on under anesthesia, that’s how the woman came about.   Adam was given anesthesia and during history God at times gives anesthesia.  One of the most famous times that God gave anesthesia was in prison, with Peter.  He put everybody sound asleep and the angel walked in and got Peter out.  So whatever this little deal that God has, every once in a while He uses it and it just snows everybody; everybody is out completely, and you could walk around and play a trumpet and everybody would be sound asleep, no problem.  God puts this deep sleep, it would be intriguing to find out how He does it. 

 

Verse 13, “Then David went over to the other side, and stood on the top of an hill afar off, a great space being between them,” and now he’s going to exercise a little humor and sarcasm, this is just too good for David, here you see David’s sense of humor.  There’s a long ravine separating these two, and he’s been over here in Saul’s camp, now he’s going to have some fun, David just can’t resist this one.  So he’s going to get over to the other hill and he’s going to have some fun, first with Abner. 

 

So in verse 14 he shouts to Abner.  “And David cried to the people, and to Abner, the son of Ner, saying, Answer thou not, Abner?”  He says “Why don’t you answer,” that’s the first kind of sarcasm, what’s the matter boy, asleep.  And this is a double rebuke, because of all people here is the commander in chief… the commander in chief of the whole army of Saul, sacked out with no guards.  This is the most embarrassing situation militarily speaking.  In a normal army this kind of thing would get you anything from Article XV out to a court martial for doing something like this; this calls for tremendous and strict discipline of ever allowing anything like this to occur.  So he says, “How come you’re not answering Abner?  Then Abner answered and said, Who are you who cries to the king?”  Abner’s concerned that he’s annoying the king’s sleep.  That’s the whole thrust of that verse. 

 

Verse 15, “And David said to Abner, Are you not a man?”  This is just pure sarcasm that David is saying.  “And who is like to thee in Israel?”  David is just having a ball with this.  Well, well, well, here’s General Abner, there’s nobody like you, look at that Abner, a big brave general sacked out.  “Wherefore, then, have you not kept thy lord the king?  For there came one of the people in to destroy the king, thy lord. [16] This thing is not good that you have done.”  It is just loaded, from beginning to end with sarcasm, and this is simply David having a good time ridiculing.  And to those of you who don’t believe the Holy Spirit can use sarcasm, take your pencil and scratch out the verse so it won’t bother you.  “As the LORD lives, you are worthy to die,” now if you have a King James here’s where the old translation is better than the new.  In the Old King James you have “thou” and “thee” and you’ll notice half way through this verse it turns to “ye.”  Now the King James English distinguished between the second singular and the second plural.  Modern American English doesn’t, so your new translations do not pick this shift up.  But the next sentence is not addressed to Abner.  “As the LORD lives, ye are worthy to die,” is addressed to the whole group of three thousand men. See, he’s ridiculed the commander, and now he’s talking down on the soldiers.  This is just psychology; he’s bummed out the commander and now he’s talking as though he’s the commander, as though he’s taking over the command of these three thousand men, and so he says if you were in my army I’d kill you all.  If you’re going to treat me like you’re treating Saul, you wouldn’t last five minutes in my outfit, “because you have not kept your master, the Lord’s anointed.  And now see where the king’s spear is, and the cruse of water that was at his head.”  You can just see him holding them up on the hill, put your glasses on and look men, here it is. 

 

Verse 17, “And Saul knew David’s voice, and said,” and here we have good Saul with his usual refrain, “Is this thy voice, my son, David?”  Here we go again.  “And David said, It is my voice, my lord, O king. [18] And he said, Why does my lord thus pursue after his servant? For what have I done?  Or what evil is in mine hand?” See, this is where the liberals say this is just the same incident; it’s not the same incident at all, this probably happened 14 or 15 times.  The point is that David every time presses home the issue of verse 18, that is something we have seen at least a dozen times in the last ten chapters, “Why do you pursue after me when I haven’t done anything?”  See, it goes back to the categories of suffering.

 

There are six reasons in the Bible for suffering, three are deserved and three are undeserved, and David’s big pressing problem here is undeserved suffering.  The idea is that look, here I deserve the suffering, here I’ve screwed up, here is something I’ve done and I’ve brought this thing down upon my own head as an individual, but this kind of suffering is senseless, I haven’t done anything to Saul, what have I done to Saul, nothing. And so David is learning this problem of undeserved suffering, the three reasons given for suffering: one, we suffer because we’re in Satan’s world, that’s one reason for undeserved suffering.  For example, thousands and thousands of believers lost their lives in the coliseums of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd centuries of the Roman Empire, they were the great martyrs of the early church, just absolutely fantastic the number of Christians that were slaughtered brutally, the numbers of Christians that Nero used to hang up in his parties and coat with pitch and light them, and that was how Nero had his parties, he had a big orgy and the light would be burning Christians.  That was one reason, Satan’s pressure upon the church; he hates you if you are firmly identified with Jesus Christ and you are stupid if you don’t appreciate the animosity that Satan has for those identified solidly with Christ in history.  Another reason for undeserved suffering is to learn truth; and the third one is to be a testimony.  These are three reasons for undeserved suffering; these are results and causes for suffering, etc.  David is learning these in his life, but the point of verse 18 is he’s trying to impress Saul that all the stuff Saul is dishing out to him is undeserved. 

 

Verse 19, “Now, therefore, I pray thee, let my lord, the king, hear the words of his servant.”  Over and over again David is saying look, will you just listen to what I’m saying.  “If the LORD have stirred thee up against me, let him accept an offering; but if they be the children of men, cursed be they before the LORD,” now David allows for two possible causes.  And you say wait a minute, I thought God was sovereign.  Isn’t God the Lord of all causes?  Yes He is, in His sovereignty.  But watch, under sovereignty God can have what we call a direct administration and He can have an indirect administration. When God indirectly administers things to us, He can use Satan to do it, and with indirect administration of sovereignty, responsibility exists on the agency, not on the sovereign God, responsibility is cut off.  Under the direct concept of administration God is responsible; under indirect Satan or men are responsible.  And that’s how God’s sovereignty is protected, He is still sovereign but the responsibility is Satan’s or men, as they apply.  So this is what David is saying.  The first kind, “if the LORD has stirred thee up,” that would be a direct administration of God’s sovereignty, in which case it’s a direct will of God, and David says now I am wrong, I really am, there’s something wrong here and I want to clear it up.  “…but if they be the children of beni Adam,” “if they be the children of men, then cursed are they before the LORD,” and this would be secondary tools and devices, the indirect use of sovereignty in history.

Before we get to the next phase I want you to notice something, David is again attacking Saul’s advisors, “the children of men” mentioned in verse 19 are the same people you read about in the Psalms all the time, “O Lord, shut their mouths,” “O Lord, the tongue of men has risen up against me,” “in their mouth are sharp two-edged swords,” these kind of things.  Those phrase you see in the Psalms are these people in history, that’s the group spoken of. 

 

Now the last part of verse 19, “…for they have driven me out” and this is one of the most interesting verses of all of the Old Testament as far as the concept of God’s kingdom is concerned.  This really is a startling verse, “they have driven me out this day from staying [abiding] in the inheritance of the LORD, saying, Go, serve other gods.”  Now the word “inheritance” there refers to the geographical boundaries of the land. So let’s first get the idea of the land.  The land has a certain geographical boundary in it.  David says if these people keep up they’re going to force me to leave the boundaries of the land, which is going to happen in the next chapter incidentally.  And when I go out of the geographical boundaries of the land, I am serving other gods. 

 

Now what is all this about?  In the ancient world the deities of the nations were thought to rule along the political boundaries.  So when you literally crossed a boundary from one nation to another you shifted your allegiance, so to speak, from the gods of that country to the gods of the country that you were going into.  The reign of the gods was coterminous with the geographical location.  That was the thought in the ancient world, and that’s why the Bible alone is universal in the sense that it says Jehovah reigns all the other lands, over all the other countries and so on.  But here David is saying if you drag me out I will be under the control of other gods, in that only in Israel where special revelation is occurring, only when I’m close to that location of special revelation am I able to serve God.  Outside in these other nations I become the victim of these other gods, through indirect sovereignty but nevertheless I am underneath them.

 

To show you how powerful this concept is, turn to 2 Kings 5:17, just to show you how strong a hold this had on the people’s minds in the ancient world.  Naaman, the Syrian, leaves Israel, and he wants to serve Jehovah, the God of Israel, so as Naaman leaves the geographical boundaries of the northern kingdom, he says this:  “And Naaman said, Shall there not then, I pray thee, be given to two mules’ burden of earth? Got thy servant will henceforth offer neither burnt offering nor sacrifice unto other gods, but unto the LORD.”  Now why does he need earth from Israel in order to worship God?  Because when he constructs his altar it has to actually be on the literal dirt of Israel.  Doesn’t that show you how powerful the soil was in the people’s minds, is that the ground, the earth beneath our feet is God’s earth. See how literal, how concrete it was?  It wasn’t some abstract kingdom, it was the actual soil of the land, and when I worship God… how did you worship God in the ancient world?  You worshiped him by building an altar, so the altar would have to be built on the earth from Jehovah.  That’s how literal they took things, and it goes all the way back to Genesis 2 when it talks about man subduing the earth, the land under his feet.  Back to 1 Samuel 26, here you have David leaving, or about to leave the nation and he says, when I set foot on earth other than Israel’s, I am serving other gods. 

 

Verse 20, “Now, therefore, let not my blood fall to the earth before the face of the LORD; [for the king of Israel is come out to seek a flea, as when one does hunt a partridge in the mountains.]”  Now the next verse speaks of the fact that although David, though sovereign promised the throne, must by a responsible act, defend his own life.  Here you have sovereignty but human responsibility in the means to attain the goal.  “…before the face of the LORD,” that means that murder, in the Bible, this is again how literal they pictured it, when the person was killed and his blood spilled on the ground, the people of the Old Testament believed that the ground itself dyed and been polluted, it had been dyed with the literal blood of the person and the land was literally polluted, and the only way that land could be unpolluted would be to have a blood sacrifice to atone for it.  And God Himself in the prophet says that the land cries up to me because of murder. 

 

Now if that’s literally the case, how much does the soil in our great cities cry up to God, to heaven, for the murders that are conducted in alleyways and in the streets, night after night, day after day.  It gives you an idea if you think concretely, of how God, what His attitude is.  How do you suppose God thinks toward our county?  Is there any wonder that we’re seeing the signs of judgment upon our country?  It’s not any wonder at all; we have violated practically every code that God has set forth for a nation, practically every one; we have murdered and we have allowed the murderers to get free through psychological reasons.  We have inflated our currency and have stolen from the poor who saved their savings and now don’t have it because inflation has robbed them. We have done everything we could possibly do to infuriate God, everything, and the only reason the United States is surviving tonight is sheer grace, all the way, grace.  Now don’t go around blaming it on the communists, or the Jewish bankers or somebody else. There are plots and always will be, yes there are plots, but who is it that is sovereign over all of them?  The only time plots survive in history is when a country asks for judgment, and those are just the means that God uses to destroy a country.  We are being destroyed systematically. 

 

David recognizes these two causes and he recognizes the fact that God is very much interested in territories.  “Now, therefore, let not my blood fall to the earth.” 

 

Then said Saul, in his closing beautiful dialogue, in verse 21-25, we conclude with how a compound carnal believer faces pressure.  Pay attention to this because you’re going to see it happen again and again; I see it all the time as pastor.  The first couple of times it happens you’re impressed and after that you’re never impressed, and it’s this, notice what happens.  “Then said Saul, I have sinned,” now doesn’t that sound like real repentance; he’s confessing his sin, why Saul must be back in fellowship.  Huh-un, Saul isn’t confessing his sin, all Saul is saying is yea, David, I faked you out, I’m a bad boy, but there’s no change of heart in Saul; there’s no sign of God’s grace here, none whatever, he’s just repeating several things, yeah, I sinned, how about that.  I feel bad about it; compare the way he acted with the way he acted before, in the previous chapter remember he wept, he cried, he had a great emotional response to pressure; it didn’t do a thing, and so watch what happens. 

 

And he says the second thing, after he appears to confess his sin, “return, my son, David; for I will no more do thee harm,” the second characteristic of compound carnal believer’s is they always will promise I won’t do it again.  Now haven’t you heard that one before, why God, I won’t do it again. God’s heard it lots of times and you’ll hear it.  Now don’t ever be a dope, don’t promise God you’re not going to do it again because you’re going to do it again.  You can’t fulfill that promise so don’t make it.  Don’t ever promise God, God I won’t do it again, because you’re lying, you know darn well you’ll do it again.  So the issue is the resolve of the change of heart that’s down deep is totally missing, he makes a promise, he told David I’m not going to do any more harm to you, “because my soul was precious in thine eyes this day.”  See, they come out of it, if you have ever been around an alcoholic this is the way they are, they’ve had a hangover and they’re really fouled up and they may have beaten you up or something and then they come whining and crying, oh I’ll never do it again kind of thing, and it doesn’t mean a thing, and it doesn’t mean anything coming out of a compound carnal believer.  The only time this means something is when you have a genuine heart repentance, and usually this is operation prodigal son where a person has to really go down to the pigpen before this comes to pass. 

 

He admits that he’s played the fool in verse 21, “Behold, I have played the fool, and have erred exceedingly. [22] And David answered and said, Behold the king’s spear! Let one of the young men come over and fetch it.”  Look Saul, look at the king’s spear.  You see David isn’t impressed, he isn’t impressed at all, cut the bologna Saul, just look at the spear.  Verse 23, “The LORD render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; for the LORD delivered  you into my hand today, but I would not stretch forth mine hand against the LORD’s anointed. [24] And, behold, as thy life,” now I want you to notice in verse 24 the way David handles this kind of a believer; he does not appeal back to Saul.  So if you’re in this kind of a situation in your household, or in your business, you don’t appeal back to these kinds of people.  What does he do in verse 24, “as thy life was much set by [esteemed] this day in mine eyes, so let my life be much set [esteemed] in…” your eyes?  Huh-un, “in the eyes of the LORD, and let Him deliver me out of all tribulation.”  Isn’t there a world of difference between verse 24 and 21?  Saul promises I’ll never do it again. Where does David put his reliance?  In himself? No.  In Saul? No.  He puts it in Jehovah God.

 

Verse 25, “Then Saul said to David, Blessed by thou, my son, David; thou shalt both do great things, and also shall still prevail.”  Those are some of the most tragic set of words ever spoken in God’s Word.  This is the last meeting between Saul and David.  These men are never going to meet again.  The next time that Saul is mentioned he’s going to be dead as far as David is concerned.  These men will never meet again, and the last words under God’s sovereignty quote… it just happened that he gave a prophecy that David would take the throne.  And David turned and walked away. “So David went on his way, and Saul returned to his place.”  That was the last he ever heard of Saul, the last word on this compound carnal believer’s lips was “you will prevail.” 

 

Next week we’ll see more details on how David prevailed.